Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of Potassium Niobate (KNbO3) Single Crystal by Top Seeded Solution Growth Method

Microwave-Based Fast and Efficient Synthesis of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) Ceramics and Its Performance Evaluation

“…These findings align with previous reports by Raja et al and Ramajo et al on KNN materials. It has been confirmed that the structure of KNN is orthorhombic in nature. , The distinct, sharp peaks observed in KNN MW ceramics arise from both the augmentation in grain size and enhanced densification . The intensity of the Raman spectra was lower in KNN SS compared to the microwave synthesis sample, which was expected due to the decreased average grain size.…”

“…The elemental composition of the KNN crystal was estimated using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis in this study. The EDX spectra of KNN crystal are shown in Figure c, f, i; the existence of potassium (K), sodium (Na), niobium (Nb), and oxygen (O) elements are revealed by EDX, with no trace elements (impurity ions) or contamination . It is well established in the literature that various functional properties, such as electromechanical properties, dielectric properties, etc., depend on these observed microstructural features.…”

“…The NbO 6 octahedron is related to the principal vibrations (v 1 = 616 cm −1 , v 5 = 260 cm −1 , v 1 + v 5 = 860 cm −1 ) in the KNN structures. Any changes in the internal modes linked to the NbO 6 octahedron induced variations in 11,12 The distinct, sharp peaks observed in KNN MW ceramics arise from both the augmentation in grain size and enhanced densification. 13 The intensity of the Raman spectra was lower in KNN SS compared to the microwave synthesis sample, which was expected due to the decreased average grain size.…”

“…The EDX spectra of KNN crystal are shown in Figure 5c, f, i; the existence of potassium (K), sodium (Na), niobium (Nb), and oxygen (O) elements are revealed by EDX, with no trace elements (impurity ions) or contamination. 11 It is well established in the literature that various functional properties, such as electromechanical properties, dielectric properties, etc., depend on these observed microstructural features. We observed better grain growth, compactness, density, and less porosity in KNN 40 min, compared to the other two samples; hence, better functional properties are expected in those measurements.…”