Synthesis, functionalization and characterization of UV-curable lactic acid based oligomers to be used as surgical adhesives

Photocurable Polymeric Blends for Surgical Application

“…These peaks are also present in the mPA (4) spectra, except the terminal methylene protons (-C H 2 OH) at (i) 3.6 ppm [ 17 , 19 ], due to the reaction of the -OH group with the urethane group from AOI [ 6 ] and, therefore, a new peak (l) around 3.5 ppm is present, which is assigned to the urethane groups (-N H CH 2 -) [ 2 , 6 , 19 ]. The mLA (5) spectra follows the same interpretation, presenting the typical oligLA peaks at (r) 5.2 ppm from methine proton -O-C H (CH 3 )-C(O)-O-, (n) 1.4 ppm from the methyl group -C H 3 adjacent to the methine proton previously mentioned and (o) 1.5 and (q) 4.3 ppm assigned to the methylene proton (-C H 2 ) in the oligLA backbone [ 2 , 6 , 19 ], along with the presence of two new signals at (l) 3.5 and (m) 3.6 ppm which were assigned to the urethane groups (-NH-C H 2 - and - N H -C=O protons), respectively [ 6 , 18 , 19 ], resulting from the reaction of the oligLA hydroxyl groups with the AOI urethane groups. Moreover, in both mLA (5) and mPA (4) spectra, the three resonance peaks are present at (c) 5.9, (e) 6.2 and (d) 6.5ppm, assigned to the olefinic protons of AOI, confirming the success of the synthesis.…”

“…The biodegradability and capacity of the surgical adhesives being absorbed by the organism is an important property when they are aimed to be used in internal applications [ 6 , 21 ]. To assess the hydrolytic degradation of the photocrosslinked materials, three samples of each adhesive were placed in PBS (pH 7.4) and incubated at 37 °C, to replicate physiological conditions.…”

“…Among the synthetic aliphatic polyesters, two of the most frequently used polymers in biomedical applications are poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polycaprolactone diol (PCL), both approved by the Food and Drug Administration [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. PLA is a highly versatile biodegradable and biocompatible polymer [ 8 ] with a glass transition temperature (T g ) above room temperature, making it a hard and brittle material [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Addressing Unmet Clinical Needs with UV Bioadhesives

“…Review irradiation at 254−354 nm (UVA−UVC) for 120 s 60 and also modified with methacrylic anhydride and cross-linked in the same manner, 61 but the UV intensity was not mentioned.…”

Recently developed applications for natural hydrophilic polymers

“…Common photocurable polymers employ UV radiation for curing, which often results in the denaturation of biomolecules and a subsequent loss of bioactivity [168,169]. To overcome this drawback, Seo et al switched to the use of visible light by modifying chitosan with photocurable furfuryl moieties and visible light initiator systems [136,170,171].…”