Synthesis, dielectric and relaxation behavior of lead free NBT–BT ceramics

Sundari, S. Shanmuga; Kumar, Binay; Dhanasekaran, R.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.06.063

Cited by 47 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the present study, disorder was gradually introduced by breaking up the long-range symmetry of the ferroelectric KBT lattice in the NBT lattice and thus observing the relaxor behavior in the (1 – x )NBT– x KBT samples. However, many researchers have proven that dipoles are not free and that there can be an interaction between dipoles. ,, This interaction results in the freezing of the dipoles at a particular temperature denoted T vF (freezing temperature). This disagreement of the Debye model is accounted for in the Vogel-Fulcher (V-F) model which will be discussed in detail in the next section.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many researchers have proven that dipoles are not free and that there can be an interaction between dipoles. 40 , 86 , 94 This interaction results in the freezing of the dipoles at a particular temperature denoted T vF (freezing temperature). This disagreement of the Debye model is accounted for in the Vogel-Fulcher (V-F) model which will be discussed in detail in the next section.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

et al. 2022

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Lead-free ceramic materials produced from bismuth sodium titanate (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3, NBT)–bismuth potassium titanate (K0.5Bi0.5TiO3, KBT) have been developed through a solid-state reaction technique. The structural, dielectric, and piezoelectric characteristics of the ceramic materials were analyzed. Based on the XRD investigation, the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was determined for the composition (x (%) = 16 and 20). The effects of the KBT phase on the NBT lattice were examined using the charge density distribution. Furthermore, the dielectric properties indicated the presence of a negative dielectric constant (εr′) as a function of frequency between 1 kHz and 2 MHz. Negative permittivity was observed globally in the (1 – x)NBT–xKBT ceramic which reflects the effect of the dielectric resonance. The grain conduction effect is revealed through the complex impedance spectrum in the form of a semicircular arc within the Nyquist plot. In addition, the samples studied revealed a non-Debye relaxation phenomenon. The relaxation time was determined based on the Vogel-Fulcher law for all samples. DC conductivity was carried out on the ceramics material and revealed that the resistance decreases with increasing temperature indicating a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. The AC conductivity as a function of frequency for different temperatures suggests the presence of a thermally activated conduction mechanism. The activation energy has been determined based on the Arrhenius plot of the DC electrical conductivity as well as the relaxation frequency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

et al. 2022

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“…The γ value can be calculated by taking the slope of the curve obtained from ln (1/ ε − 1/ ε m ) vs. ln ( T − T c ) plot. Where γ = 1 represents the sharp/normal phase transition, and γ = 2 indicates a complete diffuse transition [30,42]. The graphs between ln (1/ ε − 1/ ε m ) vs. ln ( T − T m ) and γ values for all samples at different sintering temperature measured at 10 kHz frequency are shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The γ value can be calculated by taking the slope of the curve obtained from ln (1/ε − 1/ε m ) vs. ln (T − T c ) plot. Where γ = 1 represents the sharp/normal phase transition, and γ = 2 indicates a complete diffuse transition [30,42]. The graphs between ln (1/ε − 1/ε m ) vs. samples which may be attributed to compositional fluctuations and structural disordering in arrangement of Asite cations due to excess of Na/Bi [15,43].…”

Section: Dielectric Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring structural and electrical properties of A-site non-stoichiometric Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ ceramic at different sintering temperature

Parmar

Negi

2016

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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Na/Bi stoichiometry plays crucial role in determining various properties of sodium bismuth titanate-based system. In this work, we have synthesised lead free (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 ) 1+x TiO 3 (x = 0, 0.02 and 0.05) ceramics by sol-gel method and systematically presented structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties at different sintering temperature. Single phase perovskite structure with rhombohedral symmetry (R3c) is obtained for all compositions from low (850°C) to maximum (1150°C) sintering temperature. The shifting of x-ray diffraction peaks and characteristic perovskite metal-oxide vibrational band (∼627 cm −1 ) in Fourier Transform Infra-red spectra suggests compression or expansion of crystal lattice with Na/Bi non-stoichiometry. Excess of Na/ Bi comprises dense crystal growth as compared to pure Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 composition suggesting compensation of volatile elements loss during heat treatment whose impact has also been observed in dielectric as well as ferroelectric properties. It is observed that Na 0.51 Bi 0.51 TiO 3 sample with x = 0.02 exhibits better structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties in whole range of sintering temperature.

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“…As one of the most important lead‐free ferroelectric ceramic materials for novel nanoscale ferroelectric devices, Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NBT) has been attracted much attentions because of the excellent ferroelectric properties with larger remanent polarization and higher curie temperature. For important synthesis methods of NBT powders, it includes conventional solid‐state method, topochemical method, solgel method, hydrothermal method, and solgel–hydrothermal method . Among them, hydrothermal method has the advantages of synthesizing micro–nano fine powder with good crystallinity and chemical activity, and this is why the method has been widely used for the synthesis of NBT …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Modulation of Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ in Hydrothermal Synthesis

Zhang

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2016

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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In this study, the high-quality cubic-shaped single-crystalline Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NBT) has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, in which their grain size can be modulated effectively by both mineralizer concentration and reactant concentration. Our result shows that the formation of fine cubic-shaped NBT can be promoted by increasing the mineralizer concentration, while be inhibited by increasing the reactant concentration as a whole. However, further higher mineralizer concentration or lower reactant concentration may lead to a smaller grain size in NBT. From our results, it is suggested that, to synthesize a big single crystalline of NBT, a suitable mineralizer and reactant concentration should be carefully considered. Interestingly, it is also found that the one-dimensional nanostructure may be more inclined to form Na-Ti-O (NT) compounds rather than NBT phase. And the growth mechanism and a possible growth model have been presented. Our result presents a simple and green technical preparation route for the low-cost and high-quality NBT single crystalline with self-designed shape and size.

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Synthesis, dielectric and relaxation behavior of lead free NBT–BT ceramics

Cited by 47 publications

References 38 publications

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

Tailoring structural and electrical properties of A-site non-stoichiometric Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ ceramic at different sintering temperature

Structural Modulation of Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ in Hydrothermal Synthesis

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Synthesis, dielectric and relaxation behavior of lead free NBT–BT ceramics

Cited by 47 publications

References 38 publications

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

Studies of Structural, Dielectric, and Impedance Spectroscopy of KBT-Modified Sodium Bismuth Titanate Lead-Free Ceramics

Tailoring structural and electrical properties of A-site non-stoichiometric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic at different sintering temperature

Structural Modulation of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 in Hydrothermal Synthesis

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Product

Resources

About

Tailoring structural and electrical properties of A-site non-stoichiometric Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ ceramic at different sintering temperature

Structural Modulation of Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ in Hydrothermal Synthesis