Synthesis, characterization, rheological properties and hydrophobic nano-association of acrylamide/styrene and acrylamide/sodium styrene sulfonate/styrene co- and terpolymers

Preparation, characterization, and investigation of poly(AMPS/AM/SSS) on application performance of water‐based drilling fluid

“…The characteristic peaks at 7.60–6.80 ppm belong to the chemical shifts of benzene ring ortho and para positions protons in the SSS . Similarly, characteristic peaks at 2.60–2.40 ppm belong to the chemical shifts of CH proton in the main chain of SSS which connected to the benzene ring . The characteristic peak at 2.14 ppm belongs to the chemical shift of the CH proton in the main chain of AM .…”

“…The 1 H‐NMR spectrum of poly(AMPS/AM/SSS) displays that characteristic peak at 4.79 ppm belongs to the chemical shift of D 2 O protons. The characteristic peaks at 7.60–6.80 ppm belong to the chemical shifts of benzene ring ortho and para positions protons in the SSS . Similarly, characteristic peaks at 2.60–2.40 ppm belong to the chemical shifts of CH proton in the main chain of SSS which connected to the benzene ring .…”

“…As a result, it was found that the existence of AMPS structure in the target polymer sample. Moreover, the absorption peaks at about 1588.45 and 1450.45 cm −1 signify the stretching vibration of two CC in aromatic cyclic backbone structure, and the absorption peak of aromatic ring at about 810.25 cm −1 located in fingerprints regions. As a result, it was confirmed that the SSS is incorporated into poly(AMPS/AM/SSS) chain successfully.…”

Inverse emulsion polymerization of triple monomers of acrylamide, maleic anhydride, and styrene to achieve highly hydrophilic–hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide

“…By adding NaCl to the hydrophobically modified polymer solution (both PMST10 and PMMS46) and therefore making partial hydrolysis of the amide groups, repulsion of the charged groups decreased because of the screening of electrostatic repulsion forces. In this condition, strong hydrophobic groups associations could be formed to enhance the viscosity of solution . It is worth mentioning that AM/MA/St terpolymer (PMMS46) sample showed higher salt resistance where existing maleic anhydride as a linking agent helped the viscosity enhancement.…”

“…Table shows the critical apparent viscosity and concentration for the copolymer and terpolymers at different temperatures. By changing the concentration, this drastic change shifted to the higher viscosity for each polymer, styrene hydrophobic interactions in the hydrosoluble skeleton started to self‐aggregate into hydrophobic microdomains, formation of physical crosslinks between the mainchains, consequently, a sudden increment in the viscosity is observed . Indeed, when the concentration of the polymer exceeded a critical value (C * ), the presence of hydrophobic styrene monomers in the hydrophilic main chain led to some intermolecular interactions in the structure of these types of polymers, the formation of a three‐dimensional (3D) grid structure and finally make super‐molecular masses.…”