Synthesis, Characterization and Surface Properties of Series Sulfobetaine Surfactants

Abstract

A series of surface active sulfo-propane betaines and sulfo-butane betaines were synthesized with high yields by the reaction of an appropriate N,N-dimethyl alkylamine with an excess of 1,3-propane sultone and 1,4-butane sultone. The structures were characterized by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The micellar properties of these compounds were determined by surface tension methods. Surface tension measurements also provide information about the dependence of the surface tension at the CMC (c cmc ), pC 20 (negative logarithm of the surfactant molar concentration C 20 required to reduce the surface tension by 20 mN/m), the surface excess (C max ) at air/solution interface, the minimum area per surfactant molecule at the air solution interface (A).

Synthesis and Interfacial Activity of Novel Heterogemini Sulfobetaines in Aqueous Solution

“…Analysis of these data allowed us to conclude that it is impossible to unambiguously state that the minimum value of the area occupied by a single adsorbed molecule increases with increasing elongation of the alkyl chains. The lack of such a relation has been described in the literature for heterogemini sulfobetaines [four kinds of sulfobutane betaines H-(CH 2 ) n N + (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − with n  = 12, 14, 16, 18] [4] and for a series of alkylbetaine zwitterionic gemini surfactants, 1,2-bis( N -methyl- N -carboxymethyl-alkylammonium)ethane (CnAb, n  = 8, 10, 12, 14) [10]. In addition to the above, there have been no reported relationships between the surface excess at the saturated interface and the length of the alkyl chain for sulfobetaines N , N -dimethyl- N -{2-[ N ′-methyl- N ′-(3-sulfopropyl)alkylammonium]ethyl}-1-alkylammonium bromides [2C( n )AmSb, with n  = 8, 10, 12, 14] [7].…”

“…Furthermore, many zwitterionic surfactants are mild to the skin and eyes and exhibit low toxicity. They also demonstrate high foam stability and resistance to hard water [4]. Moreover, surfactants of this type shows good biodegradability and they also alleviate skin and eye irritation better than anionic and cationic surfactants.…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Different Properties of Three Novel Thiourea‐Based Non‐ionic Surfactants

“…Non-ionic surfactants (NIS) have broad range applications in industries, agriculture, cosmetics, food, paints and drugs [1][2][3][4][5]. NIS are not dissociated in aqueous solution due to the unavailability of an ionizable moiety in their structure.…”

Synthesis of didodecylmethyl hydroxyl sulfobetaine and its evaluation for alkali-free flooding

“…In recent years, betaine-type surfactants have received extensive attention in the field of petroleum industry for its excellent water solubility, high foam stability, and good hard water resistance. Also it is not sensitive to temperature, pH, and electrolyte variation (Qu et al 2011). There have been some reports on its laboratory experiment on oil recovery, showing good results Yu et al 2011;Feng et al 2012).Some of them used betaine surfactant mixtures (Cui et al 2012;Zhao et al 2012).…”