Synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation of long chain methacrylate-octene copolymer for lubricant formulation

Saha, Debasish; Ghosh, Pranab

doi:10.1080/10601325.2019.1651205

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…[12][13][14] Generally, polymers as polyethylene, poly (alkyl methacrylate), poly (isobutylene) are used as viscosity modifiers (to control change in viscosity with temperature) of mineral-based lubricating oils. 11,15,16 Several kinds of research had carried out to improve the viscosity of vegetable oils possess low viscosity characteristics using different additives. Polymers have shown their capability to advance the rheological behavior of vegetable oil-based lubricants too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the viscosity of oil changes with temperature viscosity of selected lubricating oil should be matched with the operating temperature of the system. [9][10][11] Thus to use a vegetable oil like gear oil, hydraulic oil, or engine oil its viscosity should be improved to compatible with the application. [12][13][14] Generally, polymers as polyethylene, poly (alkyl methacrylate), poly (isobutylene) are used as viscosity modifiers (to control change in viscosity with temperature) of mineral-based lubricating oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the viscosity of oil changes with temperature viscosity of selected lubricating oil should be matched with the operating temperature of the system. 9–11 Thus to use a vegetable oil like gear oil, hydraulic oil, or engine oil its viscosity should be improved to compatible with the application. 12–14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of using polyethylene as viscosity enhancer of palm oil to use as a lubricating oil

Pathmasiri

Perera

2014

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Biodegradable vegetable oil-based lubricating oil is a better auxiliary for mineral-based lubricants as their viscosity index, flash point, lubricity is high. Nonetheless, their limited viscosity range is a major constraint of their usage as lubricating oil. Polymers have proven their capability of increasing the viscosity of vegetable oils without adversely affecting their lubricating properties. Potentially of use of oxidized polyethylene (OPE) as a viscosity booster of palm oil to use as a lubricating oil is studied adding several weight percentages of OPE to the palm oil independently. The addition of 1.75 wt% of OPE to the palm oil resulted in a blend with comparable kinematic viscosity to H68 and the addition of 2.0 wt% of OPE to the palm oil resulted in a blend with comparable kinematic viscosity to SAE30. Palm oil behaves as Newtonian fluid at low temperatures and as the temperature increases, it behaves as shear thickening fluid while the addition of OPE cause to shear thinning behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of using polyethylene as viscosity enhancer of palm oil to use as a lubricating oil

Pathmasiri

Perera

2014

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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“…Polymers of α‐olefins and polyacrylates with right combination of molecular weight and alkyl chain length have demonstrated to revealed excellent viscosity index improving characteristics when blended with suitable base oil 41 . As synthesized additives have olefinic part into the molecular structure, thereby were doped in reference base oil to analyze the viscosity‐temperature relationship, and results are evaluated as viscosity index and reported in Figure 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, due to the high solvation energy of the polymer with longer alkylated chain revealed the best activities than the shorter chain polymeric compounds. Longer alkylated molecules show the better interaction with the oil molecules because of the solubility effect, thereby depressing the pour point to a greater extent.3.2.2 | Evaluation as viscosity index improverPolymers of α-olefins and polyacrylates with right combination of molecular weight and alkyl chain length have demonstrated to revealed excellent viscosity index improving characteristics when blended with suitable base oil 41. As synthesized additives have olefinic part into the molecular structure, thereby were doped in reference base oil to analyze the viscosity-temperature relationship, and results are evaluated as viscosity index and reported in Figure4.…”

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confidence: 99%

Amide polymers based on N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine with α‐olefins‐co‐maleic anhydride as multifunctional additives for lubricant application

Faujdar

Singh

2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The high temperature and harsh oxidizing conditions in engine sump results in sludge and varnish deposits in the engine, due to which wear debris and corrosion developed in the internal parts of the engine. This is also responsible for the increased oil viscosity. To address these problems, four polymeric multifunctional amides of N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine were synthesized from copolymer intermediates poly(α‐olefins‐co‐maleic anhydride) having C‐12, C‐14, C‐16, and C‐18 chain length. This article describes the systematic study of poly(α‐olefin‐co‐maleic anhydride)amides chemistry as multifunctional lubricant additives. Molecular elucidation was carried out by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance while molecular weight and thermal stability were measured by gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis. Standard methods were used to analyze the viscosity‐temperature relationship along with detergent‐dispersant, anti‐oxidant, and anti‐corrosion activities in reference base oil at varying concentration levels. All the prepared polymer compounds effectively addressed the concern problems, but poly(octadecene‐co‐maleic anhydride)amide of N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine showed better performance over the other additives due to the increased solubility. The pour point depressed from the base value −15 to −30°C while viscosity index (VI) increased to 197 from 178 with longer chain additive at 5000 ppm concentration. Dispersancy was found to be increased by 145%, while as far detergency was concerned, sludge deposition was reduced to 20.1 mg from 87.5 mg base value of reference base oil at 5000 ppm. 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl assay was used to determine the anti‐oxidant activity and at 1000 ppm, long alkylated polymer shows the excellent result by increasing the inhibition efficiency by 95.58% while the same additive impart the best results at 5000 ppm by reducing the corrosion and penetration rate by 75.80% and 75.43% respectively. Rheology also studied to examine the shear and temperature effect on the dynamic viscosity of the reference oil.

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Comparison between methacrylate copolymers and their magnetite nanocomposite as pour point depressant for lubricating base oil

El-Bahnasawi,

Albohy,

El-Azabawy

et al. 2024

Discov Appl Sci

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A novel pour point depressant was synthesized by developing a polymeric nanocomposite using polymethacrylate and magnetite nanoparticles. The primary objective was to assess and compare the efficacy of PMA and PMA/Fe3O4 nanocomposite in reducing the gelation point, yield stress, apparent viscosity, and pour point of waxy crude oil. Extensive assessments were conducted to evaluate the performance of these additives. Rheometry tests were employed to measure the pour point of the lubricating oil pour point following the addition of PMA and PMA/Fe3O4 nanocomposite. The findings demonstrated a significant reduction in pour point, reaching values of − 18 °C, − 27 °C, − 24 °C, and − 36 °C for CP1, CP2, NP1, and NP2, respectively, at an optimal concentration of 10,000 ppm. Various characterization techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Dynamic Light Scattering, Polarized Optical Microscope, and Gel Permeation Chromatography were utilized to analyze the polymers. Furthermore, the effectiveness of each polymer as a viscosity index improver (VII) and pour point depressant for mineral-based oil was evaluated. The mechanism of action of the polymers as pour point depressants was investigated through photomicrographic analysis. Additionally, the rheological properties of the formulated lubricant were assessed and reported. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the thermal stability of the polymers, revealing that the copolymer nanocomposites exhibited higher thermal stability, viscosity index (VI), and molecular weights compared to the copolymers alone. These enhancements in thermal stability and molecular properties contributed to the improved pour point depressant (PPD) properties. Overall, the study successfully synthesized a novel pour point depressant and evaluated its performance using various tests and characterization techniques. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the additives in reducing the pour point and improving the thermal stability of the lubricating oil.

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Synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation of long chain methacrylate-octene copolymer for lubricant formulation

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Potential of using polyethylene as viscosity enhancer of palm oil to use as a lubricating oil

Potential of using polyethylene as viscosity enhancer of palm oil to use as a lubricating oil

Amide polymers based on N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine with α‐olefins‐co‐maleic anhydride as multifunctional additives for lubricant application

Comparison between methacrylate copolymers and their magnetite nanocomposite as pour point depressant for lubricating base oil

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