Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of nano-hydroxyapatite based experimental calcium silicate cement as a root repair material

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to prepare a new root repair material including Portland cement, bismuth oxide, and nano-hydroxyapatite and analyze its physicochemical properties and its effects on the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Material and Methods: Bismuth oxide as a radiopaque component and nano-hydroxyapatite particles were added to white Portland cement at 20% and 5% weight ratio, respectively. Characterization of the prepared cement was done using con-ventional methods. To examine the bioactivity of this new material, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for the investigation of the rate of calcium ions dissolution in simulated body fluid media. The viability of hDPSCs was assessed by an MTT assay after 1, 3 and 7 days. The odontogenic potential of this substance was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red S staining. Results: Based on the bioactivity results, the cement presented high bio-activity, corroborating sufficiently with the calcium release patterns. The cell viability was significantly increased in new root repair ma-terial containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles after 3 and 7 days (p<0.05). Conclusion: Moreover, alkaline phosphatase activity increased over 7 days in all experimental groups. The new cement containing nano-hydroxyapatite particles could be a good root repair material.

Nanohydroxyapatite in dentistry: A comprehensive review

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Gypsum-Related Impact on Antibiotic-Loaded Composite Based on Highly Porous Hydroxyapatite—Advantages and Disadvantages

“…For example, hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics of very high specific surface area can exhibit different properties in their interaction with the ions important for bone cell metabolism. Some nanopowders were shown to release calcium ions, which are crucial for bone tissue regeneration [1,2]. Other types of nanopowders (and very porous granules), designed for defects of bone, exhibit a very high rate of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and HPO 4 2− ion adsorption [3].…”