Synthesis by TEA sol–gel method and electrochemical properties of LiTiO anode material for lithium-ion battery

Yan, Hao; Lai, Qi; Xu, Zhihui; Liu, Xueqi; Ji, Xiaoling

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2005.02.010

Cited by 113 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This means that the CNFs exist in the annealed composite and preserve their graphene layered structure. The fact that there are no other peaks observed corresponding to some possible impurities such as TiO 2 , Li 2 CO 3 , and Li 2 TiO 3 [29,30,35] suggests that there are only two species, crystalline Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and CNF. Thermogravimetric (TG) measurement on the nc-Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /CNF composite was performed under air to estimate the weight ratio of CNF.…”

Section: Materials Design For Nhcmentioning

confidence: 98%

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Naoi

Nagano

2013

Supercapacitors

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Environment protection and sustainable energy development have recently become a growing industry, in which energy storage devices are such important components that they play crucial roles. Energy storage devices include batteries, for example, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lead-acid batteries, which have high energy densities. The batteries are under vigorous study for further increasing their energy density so that they can power electric vehicles. On the other hand, electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), which are high-power energy storage devices capable of effectively utilizing energy, have been also studied and are practically used in tracks, buses, elevators, and in heavy-duty construction and railway usage such as forklifts, yard cranes, and bullet trains [1].However, since EDLCs generally have low energy densities, their uses are limited and they cannot fully meet the various performance demands of the recent markets as shown in Figure 7.1. Particularly in the field of automobiles, new energy devices are strongly desired to have hybrid characteristics between lithium-ion batteries and EDLCs, and, thereby, can be suitably employed in idle reduction systems. Accordingly, it is expected for them to form a large market [2]. In order to satisfy the performance demands, it is often suggested that the energy density of EDLCs be enhanced to 20-30 Wh l −1 , which is approximately twice or more that of the present EDLCs, namely 5-10 Wh l −1 . To realize this high energy density, hybrid capacitor systems comprising nonaqueous redox materials are being dynamically researched and developed in recent years [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This chapter deals with the recent contributions to get this high energy density by focusing on two major hybridized cell configurations in organic media. Voltage Limitation of Conventional EDLCsAs described, increasing the energy density is one of the most crucial matters. For conventional EDLC systems, designed with two symmetrical activated carbon

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Section: Materials Design For Nhcmentioning

confidence: 98%

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Naoi

Nagano

2013

Supercapacitors

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“…Integrated intensity ratio of (003)/(104) peaks has been considered to be an important factor indicating the degree of cation ordering in the crystal structure of lithium cobalt oxides [18,19]. It has been proposed that the electrochemical performance of Li x CoO 2 cathode material is remarkably improved when the (003)/(104) peaks intensity ratio is higher than 1.2 [20][21][22]. The intensity ratios of main peaks are shown in Table1 that were more than 1.6 for all values of x in Li x CoO 2 .…”

Section: Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Lithium Composition on Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Lithium Cobaltite Prepared by Solid-state Reaction

et al. 2014

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The lithium-cobalt oxide Li x CoO 2 is a promising candidate as highly active cathode material of lithium ion rechargeable batteries. The crystalline-layered lithium cobaltite has attracted increased attention due to recent discoveries of some extraordinary properties such as unconventional transport and magnetic properties. Due to layered crystal structure, Li contents (x) in Li x CoO 2 might play an important role on its interesting properties. LiCoO 2 crystalline cathode material was prepared by using solid-state reaction synthesis, and then Li x CoO 2 (x<1) has been synthesized by deintercalation of produced single-phase powders. Structure and morphology of the synthesized powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy, Impedance analyzer etc. The influence of lithium composition (x) on structural, electronic and optical properties of lithium cobaltite was studied. Temperature dependent electrical resistivity was measured using four-probe technique. While Li x CoO 2 with x = 0.9 is a semiconductor, the highly Li-deficient phase (0.75 ≥ x ≥ 0.5) exhibits metallic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of Li x CoO 2 (x = 0.5 -1.15) was measured using impedance spectroscopy and maximum conductivity of Li 0.5 CoO 2 was found to be 6.5×10-6 S/cm at 273 K. The properties that are important for applications, such as ionic conductivity, charge capacity, and optical absorption are observed to increase with Li deficiency.

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“…In this perspective, spinel-structured lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LTO) is an appropriate candidate for the anode material of LIBs used in EV and ESS because of its extremely stable structure and rapid lithium-ion transport during charge and discharge processes. [1][2][3] Although the successful commercial application of LTO in LIB anodes has been recently achieved, minimal attention has been given to the polymeric binder that is an inactive but indispensable component of the LTO electrodes. The polymeric binder provides adhesion between active materials including conducting agents and current collector to form an electrically conductive integrated electrode.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Derivative Galactomannan Gum Binders for Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Negative Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lee

Kim

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Two types of galactomannan gum derived from plant seeds, guar gum (GG) and tara gum (TG), were used for the first time as the binders for Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries; they were thoroughly compared to typical carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder using various characterization techniques. The galactomannan gums, branched polysaccharides, better facilitate the transport of lithium ions in LTO electrodes than CMC binder, a cellulose (linear polysaccharide) derivative, even though their binding capability is not as strong as CMC. This is attributed to a large extent of electrolyte uptake and a large LTO surface exposed to electrolyte when the gum binders are used. In particular, the GG-containing LTO electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 160.0 mAh g −1 at the 100 th cycle with 1 C current rate, whereas the CMC-containing LTO electrode has a reversible capacity of 150.1 mAh g −1 . The difference in capacity between the GG and CMC electrodes increased at higher current rates and was approximately 25 mAh g −1 at 10 C current rate. Nowadays, lithium-ion battery (LIB) has expanded its territory to electric vehicles (EV) and energy storage systems (ESS) from small mobile devices. The medium-or large-sized LIBs for EV and ESS require extraordinary long-cycled, high-powered, and high-capacity active materials. In this perspective, spinel-structured lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LTO) is an appropriate candidate for the anode material of LIBs used in EV and ESS because of its extremely stable structure and rapid lithium-ion transport during charge and discharge processes.1-3 Although the successful commercial application of LTO in LIB anodes has been recently achieved, minimal attention has been given to the polymeric binder that is an inactive but indispensable component of the LTO electrodes. The polymeric binder provides adhesion between active materials including conducting agents and current collector to form an electrically conductive integrated electrode.Two types of polymeric binders have been commercially used for LIBs: solvent-soluble polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) and watersoluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) combined with waterdispersed styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Unlike PVdF, CMC polymer is soluble in water, thus allowing the LIB manufacturing process to be environmentally friendly and inexpensive for recovering an organic solvent. These are the main reasons why most of the commercial negative electrodes are prepared from CMC binder combined with SBR. For LTO electrodes including TiO 2 , CMC polymer reported to have better binder performance from an electrochemical perspective of LTO electrodes than PVdF. [4][5][6] This was attributed to its low charge-transfer resistance, low activation energy for lithium-ion diffusion, and suitable electrolyte wettability of CMC-containing LTO electrodes. Recently, our group thoroughly investigated the effect of the degree of the substitution (DS) and molecular weight (MW) of CMC binder on the electrochemical perfo...

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Synthesis by TEA sol–gel method and electrochemical properties of LiTiO anode material for lithium-ion battery

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Impact of Lithium Composition on Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Lithium Cobaltite Prepared by Solid-state Reaction

Bio-Derivative Galactomannan Gum Binders for Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Negative Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Synthesis by TEA sol–gel method and electrochemical properties of LiTiO anode material for lithium-ion battery

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Li‐Ion‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors in Organic Medium

Impact of Lithium Composition on Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Lithium Cobaltite Prepared by Solid-state Reaction

Bio-Derivative Galactomannan Gum Binders for Li4Ti5O12Negative Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Bio-Derivative Galactomannan Gum Binders for Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Negative Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries