“…Numerous adsorbents have been reported for the removal of toxic metal ions, such as chitin (Santosa et al, 2007), chitosan (Wan Nagh et al, 2002), starch (Delval et al, 2005), cellulose (El-Mensnawy et al, 2008;Gupta et al, 2002;Gerente et al, 2000;Zhou et al, 2004;Guclu et al, 2003), guaran (Singh et al, 1996), and cyclodextrin (Kozlowski et al, 2005), which are not only eco-friendly and cost-effective but are also effective in remediation of common effluents present in wastewater. Other polysaccharide-based materials and alumino-silicates are used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment (Crini, 2005;Aguiar et al, 2002;Rubio et al, 1997).…”