Synthesis and thermal stability of two-dimensional carbide MXene Ti3C2

Li, Zhengyang; Wang, Libo; Sun, Dandan; Zhang, Yude; Liu, Baozhong; Hu, Qianku; Zhou, Aiguo

doi:10.1016/j.mseb.2014.10.009

Cited by 634 publications

(380 citation statements)

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“…In the case of Ti3C2Tz, an apparent mass loss of about 6% occurred in the 200-800°C temperature range, indicating the potential dehydroxylation of residual-isolated OH groups bonded with the metal-terminated surface. [41] It is followed by an abrupt mass loss of about 14% from 800 to 1000°C. Simultaneously, a relatively sharp exothermic peak appears at about 984°C in DSC curves, likely related to crystal structure transformation.…”

Section: A New Two-dimensional Zirconium Carbide Mxene By Selective Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 93%

“…In addition, an endothermic peak appears at 71°C in its corresponding DSC curve. It is reasonable to conclude that the first stage in both cases is due to the removal of physically absorbed water [26,[40][41] and intercalated crystal water.[35] Above 500°C, a broad exothermic peak at about 700°C can be identified in DSC curve of 2D Zr3C2Tz, and without apprent mass loss in TG curve from 500°C to 1200°C. This slow exothermic process might be related to the growth of nanocrystals.…”

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A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

et al. 2016

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During the past decade, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted extensive attention due to their high surface area to volume ratio, unique electronic structures and physiochemical properties derived from their low dimensionality. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Graphene, the most studied 2D material with ultrahigh mechanical strength, [8][9] excellent electronic and thermal conductivities, [1,[10][11] exhibits potential applications in electrochemical energy storage, transparent electrodes, and nano-composites. [12] However, due to its intrinsic zero bandgap and simple chemistry, applications of graphene are restricted in some aspects, such as field effect transistors.[10] Thus, investigations on other 2D materials are performed, especially for those 2D materials with two or more composition elements, such as metal oxide, layered metal chalcogenides (LMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride(BN), hydroxides, etc. [6,13] In recent years, a new class of 2D materials called MXenes, have emerged [14] Members in this family are described by the general formula of Mn+1XnTz (wherein M is an early transition metal, X is C and/or N, n is 1, 2, 3, and Tz denotes surface terminated functional groups). [14] Generally, MXenes are produced by the selective etching of Al layers from their parental layered ternary MAX phases, a large group which comprises more than 70 members. [15][16] Through selective etching of aluminium layers, experimental investigations have successfully identified about 10 different MXenes, Ti3C2Tz, Ti2CTz, Ta4C3Tz, TiNbCTz, (V0.5,Cr0.5)3C2Tz, Ti3CNTz, Nb2CTz, V2CTz, and Nb4C3Tz. [14,17] Most of the synthesized MXenes are metallic, [18] hydrophilic, and predicted to have high elastic moduli, implying potential application as reinforcement of polymer. [19][20] The existance of Dirac electrons in some MXenes has also been theoretically predicted .[21] Moreover, similar to graphene, MXenes are promising candidate electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors by facile intercalation of Li ions into the MXene layers. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Recently, considerable efforts have been made to further expand the family of 2D carbides. On the basis of a substitutional solid solution method, Gogotsi and Barsoum et al. [28] successfully synthesized Mo2TiC2Tz, Mo2Ti2C3Tz, and Cr2TiC2TzMXenes, and surface dependent electrochemical behaviors in the case of Mo2TiC2Tz have been revealed. Moreover, Mo2CTz MXene [29] has been synthesized through selective etching of gallium (Ga) from a thin film of the new ternary nanolaminated Mo2Ga2C. [30][31] Besides, large-area high-quality 2D α-Mo2C, WC, and TaC crystals have been fabricated by a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process.[32] However, potential MXene compounds in materials systems where Al-containing MAX phases are not established, such as Hf2C and Zr2C, are yet to be produced.Herein, for the first time, we report the preparation of Zr-containing 2D carbide based on selective extraction of Al-C units from an alternative layered ternary Zr3Al3C5, benefiting from ...

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Section: A New Two-dimensional Zirconium Carbide Mxene By Selective Ementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

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“…It has also been widely reported that 2D materials like graphene exhibit exceptional sensitivity to their environment. [18][19][20] In a recent report, Li et al stated that heat treatment is an efficient way to eliminate the surface groups on MXenes and tune their properties 14,21 . As a new class of graphene like 2D materials, properties of MXenes need to be further explored to get a proper understanding of their fundamental properties 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Postetch Annealing Gas Composition on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Ti₂CT_x MXene Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2015

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Two-dimensional Ti2CT x MXene nanosheets were prepared by the selective etching of Al layer from Ti2AlC MAX phase using HF treatment. The MXene sheets retained the hexagonal symmetry of the parent Ti2AlC MAX phase. Effect of the postetch annealing ambient (Ar, N2, N2/H2, and air) on the structure and electrochemical properties of the MXene nanosheets was investigated in detail. After annealing in air, the MXene sheets exhibited variations in structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties as compared to HF treated MAX phase. In contrast, samples annealed in Ar, N2, and N2/H2 ambient retained their original morphology. However, a significant improvement in the supercapacitor performance is observed upon heat treatment in Ar, N2, and N2/H2 ambients. When used in symmetric two-electrode configuration, the MXene sample annealed in N2/H2 atmosphere exhibited the best capacitive performance with specific capacitance value (51 F/g at 1A/g) and high rate performance (86%). This improvement in the electrochemical performance of annealed samples is attributed to highest carbon content, and lowest fluorine content on the surface of the sample upon annealing, while retaining the original two-dimensional layered morphology and providing maximum access of aqueous electrolyte to the electrodes.

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“…The surface of MXene contains many active groups, such as hydroxyl groups, oxygen ions, and fluorine ions [18][19][20]. The 2D MXene materials show special nanostructures that easily induce oxidization reaction in environments with oxygen and water [21][22][23][24], and demonstrate special electronic [25], magnetic [26] and mechanical properties [27]. Additionally, MXene has a wide range of applications, such as for energy storage, catalysis, adsorption, hydrogen storage, sensors, and new polymer-reinforced composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of tunable hierarchical MXene@AuNPs nanocomposites constructed by self-reduction reactions with enhanced catalytic performances

et al. 2018

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Synthesis and thermal stability of two-dimensional carbide MXene Ti3C2

Cited by 634 publications

References 36 publications

A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

Effect of Postetch Annealing Gas Composition on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Ti₂CT_x MXene Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications

Fabrication of tunable hierarchical MXene@AuNPs nanocomposites constructed by self-reduction reactions with enhanced catalytic performances

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Synthesis and thermal stability of two-dimensional carbide MXene Ti3C2

Cited by 634 publications

References 36 publications

A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al3C3 from Nanolaminated Zr3Al3C5

A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al3C3 from Nanolaminated Zr3Al3C5

Effect of Postetch Annealing Gas Composition on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Ti2CTx MXene Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications

Fabrication of tunable hierarchical MXene@AuNPs nanocomposites constructed by self-reduction reactions with enhanced catalytic performances

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A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

A Two‐Dimensional Zirconium Carbide by Selective Etching of Al₃C₃ from Nanolaminated Zr₃Al₃C₅

Effect of Postetch Annealing Gas Composition on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Ti₂CT_x MXene Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications