Synthesis and thermal behavior of a fused, tricyclic pyridine-based energetic material: 4-amino-5-nitro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-<i>e</i>]tetra-zolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyridine-3-oxide

Crystal Growth & Design

et al. 2022

In this study, a series of energetic compounds featuring intramolecular hydrogen bonds were demonstrated by the substituted reaction with 5-aminotetrazole. Notably, the representative energetic compounds 3 and 6 exhibit high density (1.910 g cm −3 and 1.905 g cm −3 ) and good detonation properties (3: D = 9072 m s −1 , P = 37.1 GPa, 6: D = 8861 m s −1 , P = 32.3 GPa). Additionally, combining a series of other advantages such as simple preparation, good thermostability (T d = 265 °C), and insensitivity (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N), compound 6 is an ideal insensitive HEDM candidate.

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ideal Energetic Materials with High Density and Performance Based on 5-Aminotetrazole

Lei

Crystal Growth & Design

et al. 2022

“…Energetic materials play a vital role in propellants for space applications, deep-sea exploration, military industry, etc. − With new energetic compounds being reported continuously, nitrogen-rich fused-ring energetic materials have developed into a noticeable trend of synthesis of energetic compounds . However, only a few tricyclic fused-ring structures have been synthesized. − As shown in Figure a, several representative structures of [5,6,5]-fused-ring energetic compounds were listed. Typically, the fused-ring framework owns a better coplanar or a large π-conjugation system .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 However, only a few tricyclic fused-ring structures have been synthesized. 6−12 As shown in Figure 1a, several representative structures of [5,6,5]-fused-ring energetic compounds were listed. Typically, the fused-ring framework owns a better coplanar 13 or a large π-conjugation system.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine-Mediated Furoxan Formation Facilitates the Synthesis of High-Density Tricyclic Fused Energetic Materials

Zhang

Crystal Growth & Design

et al. 2022

Fused cyclic energetic material, a special category of π-conjugate structures containing two or more rings, has been acknowledged as a potential energy source of high energy density in recent years. In the present work, a new tricyclic, fused energetic skeleton [1,2,5]oxadiazolo [3,4-d][1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-b]pyridazine-3-oxide was designed and synthesized. Two typical compounds, 4-azido-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo [3,4-d][1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-b]pyridazine-3oxide and 4-amino-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo [3,4-d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine-3-oxide, were synthesized and characterized by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, NMR, and IR spectroscopy. Both energetic compounds exhibit densities of 1.773 and 1.939 g•cm −3 for 2 and 3, respectively. The energetic properties were calculated based on the density and the heat of formation. They possess a good detonation performance (D v : 8664 m•s −1 for 2, 8817 m•s −1 for 3; P: 30.9 GPa for 2, 32 GPa for 3). Their impact and friction sensitivities were tested to be 7 J and 108 N for 2 and >40 J and 128 N for 3. The two energetic compounds also show satisfactory onset decomposition temperatures (2:183.7 °C; 3:195.3 °C) owing to fused furoxan frameworks. All these properties indicate that the above-mentioned new molecules may show their prospective application as versatile energetic materials and devices.

“…22,23 Among these fused energetic materials, a few furazan–pyrazine-based energetic materials have been designed having a tricyclic ring skeleton with a combination of furazan–pyrazine–triazole, furazan–pyrazine–furazan, and furazan–pyridine–tetrazole. 24–27 They are commonly functionalized with amino, N -oxide, nitro, and nitramine groups to increase the density and detonation properties. Most of these materials have excellent energetic properties compared with 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX), but most are less thermostable and highly sensitive to mechanical stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitric acid concentration for nitration of fused [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diamine

et al. 2022