Synthesis and swelling properties of a pH‐ and temperature‐dual responsive hydrogel by inverse microemulsion polymerization

Wan, Tao; Chen, Qiaohe; Zhao, Qihua; Huang, Runqiu; Ling, Liming; Xiong, Jing; Tang, Li

doi:10.1002/app.42139

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Compared to the FTIR spectra of the monomers, some peaks have disappeared for the synthesized material. In the band of acrylic acid and acrylamide, the peak assigned to the vibration of H in CCH at 980 cm −1 is very clear, however, it gets weaker in the spectrum of the prepared material; meanwhile, the peak indicated the CC (1161 cm −1 ) becomes obvious in the band of synthesized material, which suggests that polymerization reaction has occurred to the monomers and a polymer has obtained . Similarly, the peak assigned to the vibration of H in CH 2 CHCOOR at 3030 cm −1 is disappeared while the adsorption peak of CH in methylene group is visible at 2930 cm −1 and the NH as well as OH vibration has a blue move due to the steric effect induced by formation of the network structure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The peaks appeared in the band of acrylic acid are at 1626 and 1707 cm −1 , which are assigned to CC and CO vibrations, respectively. As to acrylamide, the peaks induced by CC and CO vibrations were moved to 1612 and 1673 cm −1 , respectively . The band of the polymer at the range from 1500 to 1850 cm −1 exhibit significant structure characteristics of the monomers, where the peaks induced by CO (1710 cm −1 ), (1650 cm −1 ), CO (1680 cm −1 ), CC (1620 cm −1 ), OCO (1560 cm −1 ) are overlapped to a tune spectrum, just leaving two small peaks (1710, 1660 cm −1 ) indicative of CO vibration remarkable, which suggests the targeted material had been successfully synthesized …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The equilibrium swelling properties could be determined by weight method . In order to make sure the polymeric particles had reached swelling equilibrium, they were immersed in the solutions for 24 h. The equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) can be calculated according to the following equation:

ESR (%) = (W_{2} - W_{1}) / W_{1} \times 100 %

where W 1 is the dry weight of the polymeric particles and W 2 is the wet weight of the swollen particles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

pH‐sensitive polymeric particles as smart carriers for rebar inhibitors delivery in alkaline condition

Feng

Yang

Dong

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The waste problem of the rebar inhibitors is very serious due to that it is a long time before they can exert their best effect in the concrete and they are kept losing all the time. However, there is still no effective solution to alleviate such situation. Meanwhile, drug delivery control technology based on environmental sensitive polymers has been successfully applied in biomedical fields. Thus, poly(acrylic acid)–acrylamide was synthesized as smart carrier for controlling rebar inhibitors delivery in concrete. Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as model drug was encapsulated inside the polymeric particles via a self‐assembly process. The pH‐responsive activities of the polymeric particles were estimated by monitoring their swelling performances in solutions of different pH values and the drug delivery control characteristics were studied in simulated concrete pore solutions. The results indicate the polymeric particles deserve network structures with high porosity and exhibit excellent pH‐responsive activities, which can perform as perfect intelligent carriers whereas the releasing of the inhibitors follows the first‐order kinetic law. The work suggests a new application field of drug delivery control technology. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45886.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESR (%) = (W_{2} - W_{1}) / W_{1} \times 100 %

where W 1 is the dry weight of the polymeric particles and W 2 is the wet weight of the swollen particles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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pH‐sensitive polymeric particles as smart carriers for rebar inhibitors delivery in alkaline condition

Feng

Yang

Dong

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The main disadvantage of IEP is that the final inverse latex usually exhibits a large particle size distribution, which makes IEP unattractive to gain particles for soft matter physics. Therefore, thermoresponsive microgels mainly based on NIPAM have only been sporadically synthesized by IEP, either as noncrosslinked polyelectrolytes and polyampholytes, [ 14 ] as copolymer microgels with methacrylic [ 15 ] and itaconic acid, [ 16 ] or as macroscopic hydrogels obtained when polymerizing within the aqueous domains of bicontinuous microemulsions. [ 17 ] Since the dispersity of the particle size was of minor importance for our objectives, we decided to establish an IEP process for the preparation of thermoresponsive microgels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Thermoresponsivity and Scalability of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide Modified NIPAM Microgels

Zehm

Lieske

Stoll³

2020

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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versa. [1a,2a] The deswelling/swelling temperature is then referred to as volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), as opposed to an LCST. This reflects the fact that the particles undergo a volume collapse at the transition temperature, as opposed to the nearly complete desolvation observed in the case of linear homopolymer.The prime technique to synthesize such colloidal thermoresponsive microgels is precipitation polymerization (PP). [1c,h] Here, monomer, initiator, and optionally surfactant are all molecularly dissolved in the initially homogeneous reaction solution, which makes this process rather simple to conduct. Once a critical degree of polymerization is reached and the polymerization is performed above the LCST of the targeted polymer, the polymer chains become insoluble while the charges obtained from the initiator prevent particle precipitation. The precipitating chains agglomerate and serve as nuclei that are grown by further conversion of monomer and oligoradicals, leading to near-monodisperse particles in the range of 100 nm to ≈1 µm. Considering the simplicity of PP, it is hardly surprising that the body of proposed applications is vast: it ranges from waste water treatment, [3] enhanced oil recovery, [4] and thickening, [5] to more sophisticated technologies such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, sensing, and liquid chromatography (i.e., used as temperature-sensitive stationary phases for size exclusion, hydrophobic, ionic, and affinity chromatography), which are summarized in recent reviews. [1h,6] In addition to these proposed fields of application, colloidal microgels are valuable model systems in fundamental research to study soft matter physics. [1g] In this context, the usage of near-monodisperse particles of well controllable size and dispersity is essential to study effects on the microscopic scale (or less), which is perfectly fulfilled by particles obtained by PP.With this article, we want to present our contribution on the synthesis of thermoresponsive microgels. For a collaborative project, we were requiring significant amounts of such particles supposed to be embedded in films (or foams) for the reversible release/absorption of water at a critical temperature. More specifically, the following criteria were defined for the system to be used as the responsive material:1. The synthetic method to be used is scalable and provides at least 250 g pure thermoresponsive microgels per batch. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) are prepared using either precipitation polymerization (PP) or inverse emulsion polymerization (IEP). The comparison of the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) for PNIPAM n -co-PDMAAm m copolymer microgels prepared by PP or IEP reveals significant differences. Empirically, PP leads to lower VPTTs than IEP for identical monomer composition, whereby the observed difference in the VPTT becomes greater the higher the DMAAm content of the monomer mixture is. Presumably this is because IEP confers a higher homogeneity of the cros...

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“…Especially for drug release applications multifunctionality of the used gels is often required . The combination of a thermoresponsive and pH responsive functionality in one system was shown for hydrogels, particles as well as for soft actuators . A widely used method for the production of multi responsive hydrogels for many applications is the synthesis of hydrogels with an interpenetrating network (IPN) structure, shown by many known literature examples .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpenetrating thermophobic and thermophilic dual responsive networks

Käfer

Wang

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Poly(N-acryloyl glycinamide) (PNAGA)/poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels were made by UV-light initiated radical polymerization in twosteps. The IPN hydrogels showed a double thermoresponsive behavior due to the combination of PNIPAAm (thermophobic) and PNAGA (thermophilic) networks. Increasing the content of the thermophobic PNIPAAm network leads to a change from a broad thermophilic volume phase transition temperature of PNAGA to a thermophilic-thermophobic-type dual transition for the prepared IPN. Due to the double thermoresponsive character of the IPN gels, the mechanical properties are dependent upon temperature as demonstrated by performing tensile tests in water at 15 and 50 C. Furthermore, the IPN hydrogels were characterized using turbidity measurements, SEM, and the determination of the equilibrium swelling ratio.Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.

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Synthesis and swelling properties of a pH‐ and temperature‐dual responsive hydrogel by inverse microemulsion polymerization

Cited by 13 publications

References 64 publications

pH‐sensitive polymeric particles as smart carriers for rebar inhibitors delivery in alkaline condition

pH‐sensitive polymeric particles as smart carriers for rebar inhibitors delivery in alkaline condition

On the Thermoresponsivity and Scalability of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide Modified NIPAM Microgels

Interpenetrating thermophobic and thermophilic dual responsive networks

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