Synthesis and photopolymerization of phosphonic acid monomers for applications in compomer materials

Abstract

We report here on the characterization of a three‐generation Chinese family with aminoglycoside‐induced and nonsyndromic hearing impairment. Ten of 17 matrilineal relatives exhibited bilateral and sensorineural hearing impairment. Of these, nine matrilineal relatives, who had a history of exposure to aminoglycosides, exhibited variable severity and audiometric configuration of hearing loss. The dose and age at the time of drug administration seemed to be correlated with the severity of the hearing loss experienced by affected individuals. Sequence analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome in the pedigree showed the presence of homoplasmic A1555G mutation and 37 variants belonging to haplogroup D4a. Of those variants, the G7444A mutation is of special interest as the mutation at this position results in a read‐through of the stop condon AGA of the COI message, thereby adding three amino acids (Lys–Gln–Lys) to the C‐terminal of the polypeptide. Alternatively, the G7444A mutation is adjacent to the site of 3′ end endonucleolytic processing of L‐strand RNA precursor, spanning tRNASer(UCN) and ND6 mRNA. Thus, the G7444A mutation, similar to the deafness‐associated A7445G mutation, may lead to a defect in the processing of the L‐strand RNA precursor, thus influencing the phenotypic expression of the A1555G mutation. These data also imply that nuclear background plays a role in the aminoglycoside ototoxicity associated with the A1555G mutation in this Chinese pedigree. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

New polymer‐chemical developments in clinical dental polymer materials: Enamel–dentin adhesives and restorative composites

“…Furthermore, simple methacrylates bearing PA groups (PA-7 and PA-9, Scheme 12), difluoromethylphosphonic acids (PA-8), or sulfurcontaining monomers (e.g., PA-10) were prepared. 42,43 The ability of PA-7, PA-8, and PA-9 to bond to HAP was demonstrated using 31 P cross polarization (CP) magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. The bisphosphonic acid PA-9 was significantly more reactive in photopolymerization experiments than the PAs PA-7 and PA-8.…”

Patient‐reported outcome measures suitable to assessment of patient navigation

“…Thus, 2‐hydroxyphenyl phosphonic acid and the corresponding carboxylic acid were formed in the case of PA‐5. Furthermore, simple methacrylates bearing PA groups (PA‐7 and PA‐9, Scheme ), difluoromethylphosphonic acids (PA‐8), or sulfur‐containing monomers (e.g., PA‐10) were prepared 42,43. The ability of PA‐7, PA‐8, and PA‐9 to bond to HAP was demonstrated using 31 P cross polarization (CP) magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy.…”

Synthesis of poly(aryl ether)s bearing phosphonated side-chains from phosphonate ester-containing bisphenols

“…Because of their specific chemical structure, phosphonic acid groups provide interesting properties [1] . Therefore, phosphonic acid-containing polymers have aroused interest in many different domains, such as materials for dental cements [2,3] , adhesion promoters [4] , anticorrosive coatings [5] , chemical sensors [6] , scale inhibitor in water treatment [7] or even for fuel cells membranes [8][9][10] . In the frame of the development of new high performance thermostable materials, the synthesis of innovative macromolecular structures is of outmost importance.…”

“…In this connection, some phosphonated aromatic monomers have been described so far (Figure 1). They either present phosphonate ester or phosphonic acid groups which are directly grafted on the aromatic structure (4,7,10,11,12) or bounded on a sidechain (1,9,2,3,5,6,8). In all cases, multi-step syntheses are required to design such specific monomers.…”

“…Alvares et al [30] report the synthesis of phosphonic acid containing polyimides based on diamine (1). Yasuda and co-workers [31] , describe the synthesis of diamine (2) and studied its polymerization with a non functionalized diamine (CARDO) and NTDA.…”