New polymer‐chemical developments in clinical dental polymer materials: Enamel–dentin adhesives and restorative composites

Abstract

In the past 10 years, many new components were synthesized and evaluated for an application in enamel-dentin adhesives and direct composite restoratives. New bisacrylamide cross-linkers with improved hydrolytic stability and new strongly acidic polymerizable phosphonic acids and dihydrogen phosphates, as well as novel photoinitator systems, in combination with the implementation of novel application devices, have significantly improved the performance of the current enamel-dentin adhesives. The currently used resins for direct composite restoratives are mainly based on methacrylate chemistry to this day. A continuous improvement of the properties of current composites was achieved with the use of new tailor-made methacrylate cross-linkers, new additives, and photoinitiators as well as tailor-made fillers. Nowadays, dental adhesives and methacrylate-based direct restorative materials have found wide-spread acceptance. Nevertheless, future developments in the field of dental adhesives and direct composite restoratives will focus on improving durability and biocompatibility as well as the development of materials with a broader application spectrum and of smart adhesives or composites. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 50: 2012

Monomers for adhesive polymers, 13.1 Synthesis, radical photopolymerization and adhesive properties of polymerizable 2-substituted 1,3-propylidenediphosphonic acids

“…[23,24] It was also demonstrated that N-alkylacrylamides exhibit a great stability in such acidic conditions. [2,9,10,25] Monomers 4, 8, 10a and 10b bearing a methacrylate group, their storage in aqueous solutions would require low temperatures (storage in the refrigerator). In this context, we took an interest in the synthesis of the monomers 12, 16a and 16b, which exhibit a higher stability in aqueous media (Figure 2).…”

“…[2][3][4] Contrary to the total-etch systems, which require the use of a phosphoric acid gel prior to the application of the adhesive, SEAs do not need a separate etching step. SEAs are aqueous solutions containing an acidic monomer (carboxylic acid, dihydrogen phosphate, phosphonic acid) as well as various monofunctional and crosslinking comonomers.…”

“…[5][6][7] This last parameter being obviously related to the structure of the acidic monomer, a wide range of polymerizable dihydrogen phosphates, phosphonic and bisphosphonic acids were synthesized in order to improve the SEAs performance. [1,2,[8][9][10][11][12][13] Recently, the synthesis of the 3-(methacryloyloxy)-2,2-[di((dihydroxyphosphoryl)methyl)]propyl methacrylate (MDMP) was reported ( Figure 1). [8] This monomer exhibits great adhesive properties and is a potential candidate to enter new adhesive formulations.…”

Reducing of on Polymerization Shrinkage by Application of UV Curable Dental Restorative Composites

“…Clinical materials are mainly used by the dentist technology in dental surgery, whereas technical materials are mostly applied by the dental technology by manufacturing of, for example, dentures. Various polymers have been widely used in dental materials for many years 1 . Polymerization shrinkage is one of dental clinicians' main concerns when placing direct, posterior, resin-based composite restorations.…”

Polymerization shrinkage by investigation of uv curable dental restorative composites containing multifunctional methacrylates

“…Clinical materials are mainly used by the dentist technology in dental surgery, whereas technical materials are mostly applied by the dental technology by manufacturing of, for example, dentures. Various polymers have been widely used in dental materials for many years 1 . The main motivation for the reduction of shrinkage is an overly high shrinkage phenomenon of the curable compositions of multifunctional methacrylates monomers used in dental UV 2 .…”