Synthesis and material characterization of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) from the waste of chicken eggshells

Abstract

Synthesis and basic characterization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) material produced from the extraction of chicken egg shells is proposed. The studied method is applied for the basic analysis of the mineral CaCO3 in the field of membrane materials. Three basic characteristics of CaCO3 have been investigated, namely microstructure, crystal structure and vibrational modes. Microstructure were measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while crystal structure were measured using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopies were used to determine the vibrational modes. Experimental results show that the morphology of the sample has the characteristics of a microstructure with a mean grain size of 3 μm, the morphology of the resulting microstructure has a loose spacing between grains so as to provide an empty space between the sample grains. The crystal structure of CaCO3 formed is trigonal and has a crystal size of 53.306 nm, indicating the formation of nano crystals in the sample, while the FTIR spectroscopies data show the appearance of the three highest peaks at wave numbers of 3637 cm−1, 1438 cm−1, and 871 cm−1, which indicates the OH strain functional groups in Ca(OH)2, CO and calcite groups, respectively. Several studies also reported that the hydroxyl and carbonation groups at similar wave numbers were 3643 cm−1, 1445 cm−1 and 877 cm−1, and at 712 cm−1, 876 cm−1, and 1425 cm−1 which correspond to C=C, CO, and CS vibrations.

Adsorptive Desulfurization of Iraqi Light Naphtha Using Calcite and Modified Calcite

“…The existence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group or an acidic hydrogen (-OH) group may be indicated by the presence of peaks 3400 and 2516 cm -1. The two peaks which were noted clearly at about 712, and 872 cm -1 , respectively indicated the presence of calcium carbonate [13,14,15]. The spectra analysis for calcite prepared from eggshell (red curve) shows an apparent peak at 711,872, 2516 cm -1 .…”

Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Rice Husk as A Filter For Iron (Fe) And Copper (Cu) In Well Water

“…This Si/Al ratio places the activated carbon in the category of intermediate adsorption capacity. Notably, a lower Si/Al ratio tends to render activated carbon more hydrophilic, emphasizing the interconnected relationship between elemental composition, surface properties of material, and adsorption capacity [11,16].…”

Experimental evaluation of biolubricant with additive nanoparticle calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) from scallop shell waste as cutting fluids using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in CNC milling process

“…3. The results suggested that the calcium carbonate synthesized from scallop shell waste has a spherical shape and is not uniform in size [57][58][59]. Besides, the test results also indicate the presence of agglomeration caused by several factors, such as sintering temperature, sintering time, uneven crushing, and the duration of the crushing process [58,60,61].…”

“…Based on the XRD results presented in Figure 6, CaCO 3 has a single phase with calcite crystal symmetry indicated by the highest peak of 1194.07 at 2θ = 29.4554 o . Meanwhile, its shape is a trigonal crystal (hexagonal axes) [57]. The Miller index for CaCO 3 synthesized from scallop's shell at 29.45, 39.45, 43.21, 47.55, and 48.57 angles are (104), ( 113), ( 202), (018), (116).…”