Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Brushite (DCPD): The Role of Ionic Substitution

Abstract

Brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, DCPD) is considered one of the possible precursors of the apatitic phase that constitutes the mineral component of bones, and it is often utilized in the preparation of biomaterials for hard tissue repair. In this work, we investigated the influence of ionic substitution on the synthesis, structure, and morphology of this calcium phosphate, as well as on its hydrolysis process. The results of structural refinements indicate that the range of possible substitution can reach values up to about 38 atom % for the big Sr ion, whereas it is quite limited for Zn, Co, and Mn. In particular, DCPD cannot be obtained as a single phase in the presence of zinc ions in solution. The kind and amount of substituent ions significantly influence the morphology of DCPD, promoting aggregation and crystal shape modifications, as well as its hydrolysis in solution. The results provide useful information for the understanding of the mineralization processes and for the design of new biomaterials.

Porous Composite Granules with Potential Function of Bone Substitute and Simvastatin Releasing System: A Preliminary Study

“…However, the reflections are very broad and weakly resolved, typical for nanocrystalline apatite structure [ 32 , 33 ]. The FT-IR spectra of the Se-HA sample contain the characteristic bands for hydroxyapatite: ν 1 and ν 3 phosphate bands in the range 1200 to 900 cm −1 and the typical ν 4 two bands at 600 and 575 cm −1 [ 34 ]. The FT-IR and PXRD results indicate the successful synthesis of homogeneous nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite.…”

Root Canal Obturation by Electrochemical Precipitation of Calcium Phosphates

“…As a first approach, precipitates were analyzed via SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) (Figure 6). Flower-like crystal structures and the observed average Ca/P ratio of 1 may hint to brushite [40,41]. However, statistical analyses (n = 18) of the results obtained revealed a standard deviation of 0.02, leaving room for the presence of other calcium phosphate salts.…”

“…Images were taken by applying the Everhart-Thornley detector (ETD) back-scatter detector (BSE) combination [40]. The precipitate samples and all comparison samples were screened extensively and elemental analysis was performed with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) [41].…”

Monetite vs. Brushite: Different Influences on Bone Cell Response Modulated by Strontium Functionalization

“…We have recently demonstrated that strontium can substitute calcium in the structure of monetite in the whole range of composition [ 23 ], with 0 to 100% strontium atoms replacing calcium: α-SrHPO 4 can be obtained, which is isomorphous with α-CaHPO 4 [ 24 ]. In contrast, the brushite structure can host just a limited amount of strontium, replacing calcium at up to about 38 at% [ 25 ]. Tamimi et al [ 7 ] reported that monetite ceramic induces a higher level of osteogenic gene expression of bone marrow cells in comparison to brushite ceramic; however, the same authors underline that these results could be due to the different solubility, surface area and porosity of the two ceramics.…”