Synthesis and Heavy-Metal Sorption Studies of N,N-Dimethylacrylamide-Based Hydrogels

Abstract

In this work, a hydrogel system was produced via radical polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in the presence of N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. Parameters that impact the conversion of copolymerization (such as initial concentration of monomers, temperature, initiator dose, and time) were studied. The swelling degree of the hydrogel was investigated with the addition of a crosslinker and initiator at different pH levels. A hydrogel with high conversion and high swelling degree was selected to investigate their ability for adsorption of Pb(II) ions from solutions. Adsorption behavior of Pb(II) ions in a hydrogel was examined as a function of reaction time and concentration of lead ions from a solution of Pb(II) ions.

Design and optimization of superabsorbent hydrogels based on acrylic acid/2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid copolymers

“…Superabsorbent hydrogels (SAHs) are three‐dimensional networks that can rapidly absorb large amounts of water (>1000 g/g of their dry weight) and subsequently retain it, even under pressure 1,2 . SAHs were reported as early as 1938 based on the thermal polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and divinylbenzene in an aqueous medium; the first commercial SAH was produced in 1970 through the alkaline hydrolysis of starch‐g‐polyacrylonitrile 3 . Fully synthetic SAHs based on polyacrylic acid were industrially developed in Japan and United States in the early 1980s, making the use of SAHs for replacing fluff in hygienic products such as baby diapers and feminine napkins cost‐effective 4,5 .…”

“…1,2 SAHs were reported as early as 1938 based on the thermal polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and divinylbenzene in an aqueous medium; the first commercial SAH was produced in 1970 through the alkaline hydrolysis of starch-g-polyacrylonitrile. 3 Fully synthetic SAHs based on polyacrylic acid were industrially developed in Japan and United States in the early 1980s, making the use of SAHs for replacing fluff in hygienic products such as baby diapers and feminine napkins cost-effective. 4,5 Desired features of SAHs include high absorption capacity, fast (and tunable) swelling rates, high absorbency under load, strong mechanics (even in the highly swollen state), high gel fractions after crosslinking, excellent durability, stability upon swelling and during storage, non-toxicity, and low cost.…”

Characterization and swelling properties of copolymer Poly(N, N-dimethyl acrylamide -co-acrylic acid) and homopolymer Poly (acrylic acid)

“…Copolymers based on DMA monomers are synthesized by various methods and have been used for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, contact lenses, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Addition, swelling properties of the hydrogel are affected by different structural factors, including crosslink density, charge, the concentration of the ionizable group, hydrophilicity, and degree of ionization [8].…”

A Short Review on the N,N-Dimethylacrylamide-Based Hydrogels

“…Kinetics of copolymerization were calculated at different monomer and initiator concentrations. In addition, the removal of heavy metal ions was evaluated depending on the composition of hydrogel [ 25 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. H. Tokuyama et al synthesized DMAA hydrogel with zirconia nanoparticles by photoinitiated polymerization using MBAA as a crosslinking agent and 2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride as an initiator.…”

“…The heavy metal ions removal properties of copolymers of DMAA with 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was also examined in many studies [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Furthermore, because its volume phase transition temperature (304–307 K) is near that of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), N,N-dimethylacrylamide is a strong candidate for replacing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (307 K) [ 26 ].…”