Synthesis and Evaluation of Scalable D-A-D π-Extended Oligomers as p-Type Organic Materials for Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of four novel donor-acceptor-donor π-extended oligomers, incorporating naphtha(1–b)thiophene-4-carboxylate or benzo(b)thieno(3,2-g) benzothiophene-4-carboxylate 2-octyldodecyl esters as end-capping moieties, and two different conjugated core fragments, is reported. The end-capping moieties are obtained via a cascade sequence of sustainable organic reactions, and then coupled to benzo(c)(1,2,5)thiadiazole and its difluoro derivative as the electron-poor π-conjugated cores. The optoelectronic properties of the oligomers are reported. The novel compounds revealed good film forming properties, and when tested in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell devices in combination with PC61BM, revealed good fill factors, but low efficiencies, due to their poor absorption profiles.

Anthradithiophene (ADT)‐Based Polymerized Non‐Fullerene Acceptors for All‐Polymer Solar Cells

“…Synthetic schemes for P1-P3 are reported in Figure 3a with characterization data provided in Table 1. Monomer 2 can be straightforwardly synthesized in high yield following the procedure reported previously, [47,49] from inexpensive and readily available starting materials through an innovative cascade of direct arylation/cross-aldolization reactions [46,[49][50][51][52] while NFA building blocks are commercially available. Polymers P1-P3 were synthesized by Stille coupling polycondensation reactions…”

Supramolecular Weaving by Halogen-Bonding in Functionality-Rich Hexasubstituted Aromatic Synthons

“…This method has been proven to be a highly scalable and sustainable methodology for the annulation and rapid construction of conjugated compounds [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Some of these materials have been utilized for the construction of conjugated oligomers and polymers with outstanding sustainability and scalability characteristics for functional applications [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Spectroscopic and DFT Analysis of (Z)-3-(Anthracen-9-yl)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylonitrile Fluorophore

“…More importantly, anthracene moiety with its intrinsic planarity and grid structure, it can be easily modified at the 9,10-positions by incorporating various functionalized moieties. Continuous efforts have been put forward to analyze the effect of substituent on optical properties of various D-A-D groups with anthracene moiety [11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, despite this effort, the influence of different donor-acceptor substituents on its photophysical properties is not yet completely understood.…”