Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of novel acylated starch nanoparticles

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Qiu

et al. 2019

The versatility of debranched starch nanoparticles (DBS-NPs) has attracted considerable attention from the food, agricultural, and cosmetic industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DBSs with low (DP < 10), moderate (10 > DP < 20), and high (20 > DP < 25) DPs (where DP represents the degree of polymerization), as well as reaction temperatures (25, 60, and 90 °C) on size, morphology, crystal structure, and digestibility of the refined DBS-NPs via nanoprecipitation. Spherical DBS-NPs with a controlled size of 40–200 nm were obtained; no nanoparticles were observed when the average DP was <10. The relative crystallinity increased from 11.1% to 71.6% as the increasing the average DP increased. When the microsized DBSs were converted to nanoscale DBSs, the rapidly digestible starch levels of the DBS-NPs decreased, and the DBS-NPs showed remarkable increase in the sum of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch contents, compared to the responding DBS. Furthermore, the maximum encapsulation efficiency of curcumin in DBS-NPs reached up to 92.49%. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of curcumins in DBS-NPs were enhanced significantly, and their antioxidant stability was improved markedly when exposed to UV light or heat treatments.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Degree of Polymerization on Size, Crystal Structure, and Digestibility of Debranched Starch Nanoparticles and Their Enhanced Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Curcumin

Qin

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Qiu

et al. 2019

“…Thakore et al. (2013) treated A549 and MEF cells with acylated SNPs to evaluate the cytotoxicity of different doses of nanoparticles. After treated with 1,000 µg/mL acylated SNP for 72 hr, the cell viability was still higher than 85%.…”

Section: Digestibility and Toxicity Of Starch‐based Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch‐based nanoparticles: Stimuli responsiveness, toxicity, and interactions with food components

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

et al. 2020

In recent years, starch‐based nanoparticles have attracted great interest due to their small size, good biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness, as well as their potential applications in foods, drug delivery carriers, and biodegradable edible films. Compared with nonstarch polysaccharides, starch can be enzymatically hydrolyzed into glucose in vivo, so it can be used as an enzyme‐responsive carrier. The recent research progress of starch‐based nanoparticles, including starch nanoparticles, starch nanospheres, starch micelles, starch vesicles, starch nanogels, and starch nanofibers, are reviewed in this paper. The main focus is on their responsiveness, digestibility, toxicity, interactions with other components, and applications. Starch‐based nanoparticles are nontoxic and responsive to pH, temperature, light, and other stimuli. It can interact with proteins, antioxidants, and lipids through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions. Starch‐based nanoparticles have a wide range of applications, including enhancing the mechanical properties of films and gels, stabilizing emulsions, as a fluorescent indicator, a catalyst, and a nanocarrier to control the release of active ingredients and drugs.

“…Cells that had been incubated in an unconditioned medium and in DMSO were used as the negative and positive controls, respectively. In the investigated range of concentrations, no significant differences were observed between the viability of untreated cells and the viability of cells treated with DBS-NP, which is consistent with previous studies that have reported the nontoxic effect of SNPs. , Moreover, cell viability increased significantly (ca. 100% viability) in the presence of MPN@DBS-NP (Figure ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of Metal–Phenolic Networks as Functional Coatings for Preparation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and pH-Sensitive-Modified Starch Nanoparticles

Qin

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Qiu

et al. 2019

Metal–phenolic network (MPN) coatings have generated increased interest because of their facile fabrication and biocompatibility, especially for safe and nontoxic. How to synthesize a novel, safe, biodegradable, and biocompatible material to replace synthetic materials is of interest in fields of food, biomedicine, and material science. In this study, we successfully fabricated two series of novel and multifunctional-modified starch nanoparticles (MPN@DBS-NPs and MPN@SNCs) by introducing MPN coatings to debranched starch nanoparticles (DBS-NPs) or starch nanocrystals (SNCs) based on the reaction coordinates of the tannic acid (TA) and iron ions. The resulting MPN@DBS-NP and MPN@SNC, each with a spherical shape, measured approximately 75–95 and 110–125 nm in diameter, respectively. Moreover, these nanoparticles provided a negligible release of TA at both a neutral pH (7.4) and an alkaline pH (9.0), as well as a highly efficient release at physiologically relevant acidic pH levels (1.2, 3.0, and 5.0). By utilizing the unique nature of TA, the functionalized surface modification strategy provided the DBS-NP and SNC with excellent antioxidant bioactivity. Notably, significant effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were observed. Cell assays confirmed that MPN@DBS-NP exhibited nontoxicity and high biocompatibility. Together, the cytocompatibility, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics of the novel pH-sensitive-modified starch make them promising candidates for food and biomedical applications.