Synthesis and comparative physicochemical investigation of partly aromatic cardo copolyesters

Abstract

Copolyesters were synthesized through the condensation of 0.0025 mol of 1,1 0 -bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, 0.0025 mol of ethylene glycol/propylene glycol/1,4-butanediol/1,6-hexane diol, and 0.005 mol of terephthaloyl chloride with water/chloroform (4:1 v/v) as an interphase, 0.0125 mol of sodium hydroxide as an acid acceptor, and 50 mg of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as an emulsifier. The reaction time and temperature were 2 h and 08C, respectively. The yields of the copolyesters were 81-96%. The structures of the copolyesters were supported by Fourier transform infrared and 1 H-NMR spectral data and were characterized with the solution viscosity and density by a floatation method (1.1011-1.2697 g/cm 3 ). Both the intrinsic viscosity and density of the copolyesters decreased with the nature and alkyl chain length of the diol. The copolyesters possessed fairly good hydrolytic stability against water and 10% solutions of acids, alkalis, and salts at room temperature. The copolyesters possessed moderate-to-good tensile strength (11-37.5 MPa), good-to-excellent electric strength (19-45.6 kV/mm), excellent volume resistivity (3.8 3 1015 to 2.56 3 10 17 O cm), and high glass-transition temperatures (148-1958C) and were thermally stable up to about 408-4278C in a nitrogen atmosphere; they followed single-step degradation kinetics involving 38-58% weight losses and 34-59% residues. The copolyesters followed 2.6-2.9-order degradation kinetics.

Synthesis, spectral and thermal characterization of polyester derived from 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane

“…In this work, it is likely that all the polymers studied degrade by complex mechanism especially considering the complex structure of diphenols. 43,44 The E a and R values are also determined by using Broido and Horowitz and Metzger model using the equations ( 7) and ( 8), respectively and are shown in Table 3. All the three models revealed that the E a of aliphatic polyester is lower than those of aromatic polyester.…”

Preparation and characterization of novel soluble polyarylates derived from 9,9-bis[4-(4-chloroformylphenoxy)phenyl]xanthene with various bisphenols

“…Some cardo groups such as fluorene, phthalide, phthalimidine, decahydronaphthalene, cyclohexyl, and tricyclo[5.2.1.0]decyl in the repeat unit of the polyesters have been explored. 14 –20 In this article, we wish to report the synthesis and characterization of a series of new aromatic polyesters containing cardo xanthene group by phase-transfer-catalyzed interfacial polycondensation of 9,9-bis[4-(4-chloroformylphenoxy)phenyl]xanthene (BCPX) 21 with various bisphenols such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol. The resulting polyarylates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy, and elemental analyses, and their general properties such as crystallinity, solubility, and thermal properties were investigated.…”

Clarification of linear low‐density polyethylene using Bis‐oxalamide compounds

“…A nucleating agent, which can typically reduce the free energy barrier for nucleation, plays a critical role in a nucleation governed crystallization such as for LLDPEs. In contrast to intense investigations on clarifying agents for i‐PP, little research has been done in the area of clarification of PE despite its important commercial value . Thus, investigating clarification of PE not only holds commercial value, but also raises numerous questions for deepening fundamental understanding of PE nucleation in the presence of clarifying agents.…”