Synthesis and characterization of ZnO/TiO2 composite core/shell nanorod arrays by sol–gel method for organic solar cell applications

Ahmadi, K.; Ziabari, Ali Abdolahzadeh; Mirabbaszadeh, Kavoos; Shal, Alireza Ahadpour

doi:10.1007/s12034-015-0898-8

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…1d that the hexagonal prism structure of the modified ZnO NR is still clear and distinguishable owing to the shorter treatment time (5 min). The shorter treatment time may therefore avoid any deleterious effects on ZnO morphologies and surface energy, and further contribute to TiO2 crystal growth [21,23]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lou et al [22] reported a PCE of 1.97% for QDSCs based on ZnO nanorods (NR) decorated with orthorhombic configuration TiO2 NPs by immersing ZnO film into a solution of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) in butyl alcohol for 5 min and annealing at 400°C for 30 min in argon atmosphere. Ahmadi et al [23] demonstrated vertically aligned ZnO NAs deposited with a layer of TiO2 by dip-coating into an ethanol solution of tetrabutyl orthotitanate and ethanolamine, and annealing at 450°C for 1 h. Interestingly, this TiO2 layer consisted of a mixed anatase and rutile structure phase. In view of these reports, we consider that the reaction parameters (the type of precursor solutions, dipping time, annealing temperature and time, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced light harvesting and electron collection in quantum dot sensitized solar cells by TiO2 passivation on ZnO nanorod arrays

Zhao

Hou

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Light capture and electron recombination are the essential processes that determine power conversion efficiency (PCE) in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). It is well known that charges are easily transported in well-built QDSCs based on nanorod arrays. However, this advantage can be drastically weakened by defects located at the zinc oxide (ZnO) array surface which permit faster electron recombination. Hence, we developed a composite nanostructure consisting of ZnO nanorods coated with orthorhombic configuration titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, which were synthesized using a solution of H3BO3 and (NH4)2TiF6. This composite nanostructure was designed to take the advantage of the enlarged surface area provided by the nanoparticles and improved electron transport along the nanorods, in order to yield good charge transport and light harvesting. At the same time, the TiO2/ZnO nanorod arrays have fewer recombination centers (hydroxyl groups) after TiO2 modification, which results in fewer electron trapping events at the ZnO nanorod surface; thereby, a reduced charge recombination and longer electron lifetime can be achieved. As a result, the PCE of the QDSCs with TiO2-nanoparticles-decorated ZnO nanorod arrays photoelectrode reaches 4.8%, which is~78% higher efficiency compared to 2.7% for solar cells without modification.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced light harvesting and electron collection in quantum dot sensitized solar cells by TiO2 passivation on ZnO nanorod arrays

Zhao

Hou

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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“…Another work reported on the synthesis and characterization of ZnO/TiO 2 core/shell NR arrays by sol–gel method for organic solar cell applications . The results showed that owing to smaller band gap and lower resistivity, the core/shell structure as an electron transport layer for inverted photovoltaic devices was more suitable than bare TiO 2 thin film.…”

Section: Coatings Of Zno Nanostructure Surfaces With Continuous Functmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Engineering of Nanostructured ZnO Surfaces

Laurenti

Stassi

Canavese

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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are oriented in one direction and their assembly and stacking produces the wurtzite hexagonal symmetry. The noncentrosymmetric and anisotropic crystalline structure of wurtzite-like ZnO generates very interesting properties such as piezo-and pyro-electricity: the application of an external stimulus, like mechanical stress or temperature, deforms the tetrahedron structure. This deformation results in a separation between the positive and negative centers of charge, inducing the formation of a dipole moment. [7,8] The polar surface and anisotropic structure of ZnO can be usefully exploited to form different kinds of micro and nanostructures from 0D to 3D, [5] including, but not limited to nanowires, [9][10][11][12] nanotubes, [13,14] nanobelts, [15][16][17][18][19] nanorings, [20] flower-like morphologies, [21][22][23][24][25] multipods, [26,27] tetrapods, [28][29][30] sponge-like structures [31][32][33][34] and so on [29,[35][36][37][38][39] (Figure 1). Therefore, several research efforts have been invested in studying various preparation procedures for ZnO micro and nano-materials. Wet chemical approaches, like sol-gel, hydrothermal growths, electrodeposition and template-assisted routes, [40,41] as well as vapor-phase methods, for example chemical vapour deposition (CVD), physical vapour deposition (PVD) including sputtering and evaporation approaches, [42][43][44] and epitaxial growth methods [45] are among the most used ones. The great advantages of the wet chemical approaches are the high synthesis versatility, low temperature employed and low costs. [9] From the other side, dry methods take advantage of the high quality and excellent control over the level of crystallinity of the synthesized ZnO structures, as well as the absence of contamination and high purity of the final material. [46] The combination of different properties with the ease and high versatile synthesis of ZnO material in different micro and nanostructures offers a huge possibility of potential applications.For example, ZnO is already used as an efficient catalyst in the selective oxidation of involving oxygenates (i.e., alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids) and in methanol synthesis catalysts. It is also largely applied as protective, anti-corrosion layer in galvanized steel products, [49][50][51] as well as in paints and sunscreens as an UV absorber. Its biocompatibility makes this material suitable, in the form of microparticles, for paste formulations in cosmetic applications.The combination of the piezoelectric with the semiconducting properties of ZnO is found to result into new exciting physical properties, [52][53][54] and it has recently opened the research field to energy harvesting application. ZnO nanomaterials can be thus used as nanogenerators, able to convert the mechanical deformation from the surrounding environment into electrical Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructures represent promising substrate materials for numerous applications, ranging from new generation solar cells, to bio-and chemical sensors. This interest is due ...

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“…SCHNEIDER et al, 2014;FRANÇA et al, 2016). A utilização de outros óxidos como ZnO, Nb2O5, WO3, Al2O3, In2O3 dentre outros, assim como a dopagem dos mesmos ou a produção de compósitos envolvendo diferentes materiais têm levado a melhorias nas eficiências de processos fotoeletroquímicos e fotocatalíticos (CHENG et al, 2007;AKURATI et al, 2008;PAULA et al, 2014;YAN et al, 2014;AHMADI et al, 2015 A fase hexagonal do WO3 foi primeiramente obtida pela desidratação lenta de íons tungstato (GERAND et al, 1979). Tal fase é mais apropriada para aplicação como sensor de gás devido a sua estrutura de "túnel", enquanto a fase monoclínica do WO3 tem recebido uma maior atenção na aplicação como fotocatalisador (BAMWENDA e ARAKAWA, 2001;CHENG et al, 2007;HONG et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A crescente evolução nos métodos de síntese desses materiais, assim como a produção de filmes finos dos mesmos também merece destaque. Diferentes processos, como a decomposição, precipitação ácida, hidrotermal, sol-gel, dentre outros, se mostraram bastante eficientes na preparação simples e barata de tais compostos, assim como a técnica de automontagem ou "Layer-by-Layer" tem sido amplamente utilizada na obtenção de filmes finos com composição e morfologia controlada (PATROCINIO et al, 2014;PAULA et al, 2014;AHMADI et al, 2015;TAN et al, 2015;NUNES et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Obtenção e caracterização de fotocatalisadores baseados nos óxidos de Ti(IV) e W(VI)

Paula¹

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Na remediação ambiental, a fotocatálise tem grande importância devido à possibilidade de uso da luz solar como fonte primária de energia. Neste trabalho, óxidos metálicos nanoparticulados de TiO2, WO3 e seus compósitos, foram sintetizados utilizando o processo sol-gel visando à produção de fotocatalisadores mais eficientes. Além disso, filmes finos desses óxidos depositados pela técnica Layer-by-Layer (LBL) foram produzidos e avaliados como superfícies fotocatalíticas e superhidrofílicas (anti-embaçantes). Os materiais foram caracterizados por diversas técnicas espectroscópicas e morfológicas e suas propriedades correlacionadas com as atividades fotocatalíticas. As hidrólises ácidas do isopropóxido de titânio(IV) (TTIP) e do ácido túngstico, seguidas de tratamento hidrotérmico e calcinação, produziram partículas de TiO2/anatase e WO3/monoclínica, respectivamente. Quando os precursores foram hidrolisados concomitantemente para produzir compósitos de TiO2/WO3

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Synthesis and characterization of ZnO/TiO2 composite core/shell nanorod arrays by sol–gel method for organic solar cell applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Enhanced light harvesting and electron collection in quantum dot sensitized solar cells by TiO2 passivation on ZnO nanorod arrays

Enhanced light harvesting and electron collection in quantum dot sensitized solar cells by TiO2 passivation on ZnO nanorod arrays

Surface Engineering of Nanostructured ZnO Surfaces

Obtenção e caracterização de fotocatalisadores baseados nos óxidos de Ti(IV) e W(VI)

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