Synthesis and Characterization of Struvite-k Crystals by Agar Gel

Suryawanshi, V B; Chaudhari, R. T.

doi:10.4236/jcpt.2014.44026

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, the NH 4 + component of its structure can be readily replaced by K when this ion is present in high concentrations in solution. In this way, potassium struvite can be formed (MgKPO 4 • 6H 2 O) [15,16]. Besides P, the solubilisation of struvite is also an important source of Mg and K/NH 4 for crop plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility, Diffusion and Crop Uptake of Phosphorus in Three Different Struvites

Rech¹,

Withers

Jones

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Phosphate (P) fertilisers produced from waste recycling (e.g., struvite) are considered to be more sustainable than those conventionally produced from the processing of rock P (e.g., highly soluble triple superphosphate, TSP). In this study, we used 33P to monitor struvite dissolution and P diffusion into the soil in comparison to TSP. We evaluated three distinct chemical formulations of struvite, namely: (1) Crystal Green® (CG) produced in an industrial process from sewage sludge; (2) natural struvite (NS) precipitated in swine manure pipelines; and (3) laboratory precipitated struvite (PS) from chicken manure by a new process of P recovery. P diffusion was evaluated in soil columns over a 21-day period. This was complimented with a pot experiment in which wheat and soybean were cultivated in a Eutric Cambisol for 38 days in the presence of either struvite or TSP. P fertilisers were applied at a dose equivalent to 17.5 kg P ha−1 and fertiliser solubility determined by recovering soil solution. All three types of struvite tested showed reduced P solubility and mobility relative to TSP, but a comparison of the three struvites has shown that their P solubilities differed by a factor of two, with the greatest P release (up to 85% of total P) obtained from a struvite recovered from poultry manure and containing other useful nutrients (K, S and Ca). All struvites enhanced crop growth and P uptake of wheat and soybean relative to a nil P control, with up to 80% P recovery compared to TSP. These results further support the more widespread use of struvite as a sustainable source of P to plants despite its low water solubility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility, Diffusion and Crop Uptake of Phosphorus in Three Different Struvites

Rech¹,

Withers

Jones

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…There are some fine particles for dental stone as well related to the other component of stone (can be seen in Figure 2(a) ). Suryawanshi et al reported a similar morphology for calcium sulfate stones and the reason for the existing morphology was the presence of multidimensional sloping micro-circular crystals of calcium sulfate [ 16 ]. SEM results showed that after the addition of nanoparticles, there were no significant morphological changes in stone compared to the control group (stone without nanoparticles).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Adding Silica Nanoparticles on the Physicochemical Properties, Antimicrobial Action, and the Hardness of Dental Stone Type 4

Aghbolaghi

Dizaj

Negahdari

et al. 2022

International Journal of Dentistry

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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding silica nanoparticles on the physicochemical properties, antimicrobial action, and the hardness of dental stone type 4. Dental stone type 4 powder was physically mixed with nanoparticle powder at weight percentages (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 percent). The required amount of powder was added to water according to the manufacturer's instructions. The prepared set materials were subjected to the physicochemical studies; Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was taken up to investigate the functional groups and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to evaluate the crystallinity. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphology of the prepared samples. Agar diffusion test was carried out for the prepared samples against the Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to test the average growth inhibition zones. Finally, the Vickers surface hardness test was performed for each group using a hardness tester. The adding silica nanoparticles to dental stone type 4 increased the diameter of inhibition zones for the groups in both bacteria significantly ( p < 0.05). The results showed that adding silica nanoparticles to dental stone type 4 increased the diameter of inhibition zones for the groups in both bacteria significantly ( p < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between all groups and the 0% group in both bacteria ( p < 0.0001). Besides, the adding of silica nanoparticles to dental stone type 4 increased the surface hardness significantly ( p = 0.0057) without any effect on physicochemical properties. The 0% and the 0.5% groups had significant differences with the 2% group ( p = 0.0046 and p = 0.0205 respectively). Then, at least 2% silica nanoparticles are needed for a significant increase. Clinical trials are needed to enlarge for dental stone type 4 containing silica nanoparticles in the future.

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“…The 'stones' formed under acidic condition by addition of 0.25 M HCl were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis to be newberyite (magnesium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate; MgHPO 4 Á3H 2 O), an essential constituent in animal urinary calculi that precipitates at pH below 6 and is commonly found as spherules (Fig. 3b) (Suryawanshi & Chaudhari, 2014). Similarly, crystals of strontium oxalate, an isomorphic compound of weddelite, grew in an agar gel containing strontium chloride and covered with a solution of oxalic acid, both at 2 M (Fig.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although the growth of struvite microcrystals by a simple diffusion technique in agar gel was not successful, one of its analogs, struvite-K (potassium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate; KMgPO 4 Á6H 2 O), gave crystals and was used for further analysis (Figs. 3a and 3b) (Sun et al, 2010;Suryawanshi & Chaudhari, 2014;Henisch, 1996). The effect of variation of pH on the growth of struvite-K crystals was investigated to test the potential preventive effects of alkalization on stone formation.…”

Section: Representative Student Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For struvite-K crystals, an in-gel solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ) was covered with a solution of magnesium acetate, both at 1.5 M (Fig. 3b) (Suryawanshi & Chaudhari, 2014). Crystals of struvite-K did not grow at pH 7 or 10, possibly because of the large volume of NaOH needed for alkalization of the ionic solution; thus, the solution was too dilute for crystallization during the project's time frame.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal growth, a research-driven laboratory course

et al. 2018

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The research-driven laboratory experiment described herein has at its core the individual development of students, combining core subject matter with the opportunity to explore, in a research environment, areas outside of traditional curricula; however, it maintains the pedagogical training for an undergraduate major degree in chemistry and sciences in general. The laboratory can feasibly be implemented in high schools to expose students to an engaging and intellectually fulfilling aspect of chemistry early in their career. This seven-week project is based on the growth and study of crystals and encourages students, from the outset, to conceive, propose, design, plan and carry out their own research on chemicals and conditions of their own choosing. The wide array of laboratory equipment, analytical instrumentation and techniques that the students are potentially exposed to, from micropipettes and optical microscopes to scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, puts these projects on a par with senior capstone research projects. The feedback from the students for the seven years this project has been in operation is almost unanimous in enthusiasm and praise.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Struvite-k Crystals by Agar Gel

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Solubility, Diffusion and Crop Uptake of Phosphorus in Three Different Struvites

Solubility, Diffusion and Crop Uptake of Phosphorus in Three Different Struvites

Effect of Adding Silica Nanoparticles on the Physicochemical Properties, Antimicrobial Action, and the Hardness of Dental Stone Type 4

Crystal growth, a research-driven laboratory course

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