Synthesis and characterization of palladium nanoparticles by chemical and green methods: A comparative study on hepatic toxicity using zebrafish as an animal model

Anila, Pottanthara Ashokan; Keerthiga, Balasubramaniyam; Ramesh, Mathan; Thirunavukkarasu, Mahesh

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.108979

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Or it can be explained by the decreased egg hatching rate, with the used metals (Pd‐Cu) limiting the physical movement of the embryos and interfering with the activities of the hatching enzymes necessary for the embryo to digest the chorion. [ 9,43–47 ] The previous studies with different metallic NPs had also stated that the hatchability of D. rerio embryos is negatively affected (nano‐palladium, [ 27 ] Ag NPs, [ 48 ] gold and silver NPs, [ 49 ] RP‐Ag/ACNPs, [ 47 ] gold NPs, RP‐Pd/AC NPs [ 9 ] ). As expected, a very small particle size will facilitate the passage of the particle through the cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs NP is a newly synthesized product by our research team, previous studies used for GO, Pd, and Cu-based NPs were used for dose determination. [25][26][27][28] PdCu@f.CNT stock solutions were prepared using distilled water and sonicated (Bandelin Sonorex Digitec Ultrasonic bath, Germany) for 30 min. The experiment was conducted under semistatic conditions.…”

Section: Pdcu@f-mwcnt Nps Exposure To Zebrafish Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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May PdCu@f‐MWCNT NPs be an ecotoxicologic risk?

Alak

Yeltekin

Köktürk

et al. 2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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The mechanisms of various metal nanoparticles (NPs) are still a matter of debate in aquatic toxicology. In order to close this gap, the number of studies on this subject is increasing. The aims of this study are to explore the interactions of PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs with zebrafish and get to know if it has an ecotoxicological risk. In this study, we synthesized, characterized PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs, and investigated its ecotoxicological effects. The chemical and morphological structures of PdCu@f-MWCNT nanomaterials were elucidated with advanced analysis techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray spectrophotometer (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The ecotoxicological risks were investigated by conducting biochemical analyses and malformation defects in zebrafish. The results were obtained using multiple marker applications including oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokine expressions, DNA damage, and apoptosis markers. The obtained findings showed embryonic development, survival rate, and incidence of malformation increasing in parallel with the dose increase in zebrafish exposed to PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs at 10-1000 μg/L levels. Despite the observed decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities, GSH level, AChE activity, and NRF-2 level, inductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-kB, DNA damage, and apoptosis levels were observed with increasing dose. Considering these findings, it has been determined that there are toxic effects in zebrafish at all levels above the concentration that we examine as a safe dose (10 μg/L). The effects of all studied concentrations of this NP above the safe dosage, especially on oxidative stress, malformation, and immune system, were found to be quite significant. The more widespread use of nanotechnology in the future will mean more contact of aquatic organisms with NPs. As a result, it is clearly seen that these organisms, which form the important link of the food chain, and the aquatic environment are living at risk conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pdcu@f-mwcnt Nps Exposure To Zebrafish Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

May PdCu@f‐MWCNT NPs be an ecotoxicologic risk?

Alak

Yeltekin

Köktürk

et al. 2023

Applied Organom Chemis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, recent papers revealed that Pd nanoparticles obtained through a plantmediated biogenic approach are less toxic and biocompatible [33] and present important activity as an antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial and antiproliferative [9,10,12,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], and can be used for environmental remediation [45]. Recent examples of the green synthesis of Pd nanoparticles mediated by plant extracts and their application as catalysts are shown in the Table 1.…”

Section: Plant Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Pd Nanoparticles for Sustainable and Environmentally Benign Processes

Piermatti

2021

Catalysts

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Among transition metal nanoparticles, palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are recognized for their high catalytic activity in a wide range of organic transformations that are of academic and industrial importance. The increased interest in environmental issues has led to the development of various green approaches for the preparation of efficient, low-cost and environmentally sustainable Pd-nanocatalysts. Environmentally friendly solvents, non-toxic reducing reagents, biodegradable capping and stabilizing agents and energy-efficient synthetic methods are the main aspects that have been taken into account for the production of Pd nanoparticles in a green approach. This review provides an overview of the fundamental approaches used for the green synthesis of PdNPs and their catalytic application in sustainable processes as cross-coupling reactions and reductions with particular attention afforded to the recovery and reuse of the palladium nanocatalyst, from 2015 to the present.

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“…3 Moreover, the residues of toxic palladium metals and ligands in the final products limit their applications in many fields, such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, and so on. 4,5 In order to solve these problems, homogeneous palladium catalysts have been deposited on suitable solid matrices to facilitate their separation, recovery and reuse. [6][7][8] For example, palladium on carbon (Pd/C) catalyst is one of the most favorable commercialized heterogeneous palladium catalysts and widely used in various chemical transformations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these homogeneous palladium catalytic systems suffer the problems of difficulties in separation and reuse of the expensive palladium metals and ligands, which greatly increase the production costs 3 . Moreover, the residues of toxic palladium metals and ligands in the final products limit their applications in many fields, such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, and so on 4,5 . In order to solve these problems, homogeneous palladium catalysts have been deposited on suitable solid matrices to facilitate their separation, recovery and reuse 6–8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pd/C embedded crosslinked polystyrene fibers as an efficient catalyst for Heck reactions

Xie

Peng

Luo

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Pd/C embedded polystyrene fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning. The polystyrene molecules were then cross‐linked by paraformaldehyde in sulfuric acid to improve the solvent resistance of composite fibers. SEM images conformed the preparation of uniform and smooth composite fibers. FT‐IR spectra demonstrated that the polystyrene molecules inside fibers have been sulphonated and crosslinked. Heck reactions were used to evaluate the catalytic performance of these novel composite fibers. The catalysis results show that this composite fiber mat catalyzed Heck reactions could be evidently promoted by using preferred reducing alcohol agent and solvent. Under the optimized reaction conditions, this composite fiber mat could effectively catalyze the Heck reactions of aromatic iodides with n‐butyl acrylate to afford the products with satisfied yields. Especially, compared with the particulate Pd/C catalyst, the separation and recycling of this fibrous catalyst from the reaction mixture were significantly improved due to the larger fibrous structure. At last, this fiber catalyst was successfully reused for eight times with little loss of initial catalytic activity, which was even better than the pristine Pd/C catalyst. Hence, embedment of particulate supported metal catalysts inside the crosslinked polystyrene fibers can effectively improve their catalytic performance and handiness.

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Synthesis and characterization of palladium nanoparticles by chemical and green methods: A comparative study on hepatic toxicity using zebrafish as an animal model

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

May PdCu@f‐MWCNT NPs be an ecotoxicologic risk?

May PdCu@f‐MWCNT NPs be an ecotoxicologic risk?

Green Synthesis of Pd Nanoparticles for Sustainable and Environmentally Benign Processes

Pd/C embedded crosslinked polystyrene fibers as an efficient catalyst for Heck reactions

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