Synthesis and characterization of oxygen-containing imidazo[1,2-d][1,2,4]oxadiazole fused-ring energetic compounds

Nitraza‐/Oxa‐Propylene‐ and Hydrazonemethylene‐Bridged 1,2,4‐Nitraminotriazoles and Selected Salts

“…The highest decomposition temperature was observed for guanidinium salt 16 with 268 °C followed by ammonium salt 12 with 225 °C. All salts containing crystal water (3,6,11,15) and the ammonium salt 12 also show an endothermic event.…”

“…[1][2][3] Current research shows that nitrogen-rich heterocycles such as triazoles, tetrazoles or oxadiazoles are promising units for new high-energy materials (HEMs), because of their high heat of formation, good densities, high thermal stability, good detonation performance and low sensitivities. [4][5][6][7] In addition, these HEMs mainly decompose into non-toxic nitrogen gas, which is very important in terms of green chemistry. [7] HEMs based on 1,2,4-triazoles are of interest for new potential secondary explosives.…”

Triazole-induced planarization of a twisted tetrazole-based molecule towards energetic materials with improved thermostability and insensitivity

“…It is worth noting that one of the C-NH 2 groups successfully converted to the nitramine moiety while N-NH 2 was released from the molecule. Taking into account the strong acidity brought about by the nitramino and tetrazole moieties, a series of nitrogen-rich energetic salts (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) were also prepared by neutralization reactions. These salts were isolated in high yields and are stable in air.…”

“…To evaluate the potential of newly prepared compounds (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) as energetic materials, a series of parameters related to energetic properties and detonation parameters were calculated/ measured and are listed in Table 1. Densities were measured using a gas pycnometer at ambient temperature.…”

“…3,4 Several successful cases were also discovered in some high-performance insensitive energetic materials. [5][6][7][8] Energetic materials with planar structural features usually have a high density and thus exhibit satisfactory detonation performance. [9][10][11][12] More importantly, interlayer sliding makes the coplanar packing molecules avoid the formation of hot spots when subjected to external stimuli, which results in high thermal stability and low mechanical sensitivity.…”