Synthesis and characterization of monosubstituted and disubstituted poly(3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene) derivatives with high electrochromic contrast in the visible region

Abstract

Monosubstituted and disubstituted 3,4‐propylenedioxythiophenes were synthesized and polymerized by both chemical and electrochemical methods. All the monomers were characterized for their molecular structures, and the polymers were characterized for their electrochemical properties. The disubstituted derivatives showed higher contrast than the corresponding monoalkyl derivatives. The highest electrochromic contrast of 89% was exhibited by a dibenzyl derivative, but the derivative was insoluble. On the other hand, the electrochemically polymerized dihexyl‐ and didodecyl‐substituted poly(3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene)s exhibited 74 and 77% electrochromic contrast, respectively, and were soluble. The molecular weights of the chemically and electrochemically synthesized polymers were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography. The chemically synthesized polymers showed higher molecular weights. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 419–428, 2005

Synthesis, characterization, and redox and electrochromic behaviors of poly(3‐n‐octyloxythiophene)

“…The weight-average molecular weight of POOT was 1700, whereas the polydispersity index was 1.36. The weight-average molecular weight was smaller, and the polydispersity index was larger than that of the soluble polythiophene derivatives synthesized by Mishra et al 18 The adoption of different polymerization media may contribute to these differences.…”

“…31 The Potential Difference of the Redox Peaks (DE p ) values of the polymer film increased with increasing scanning rate, which indicated that the redox process of the polymers was quasireversible. 18 In this study, cyclic voltammetry was exploited as a method for evaluating the stability of the polymer. For this purpose, we accomplished nonstop cycling of the applied potential between 2550 and 1850 mV at a scanning rate of 100 mV/s.…”

A Poly(3,4‐alkylenedioxythiophene) Electrochromic Variable Optical Attenuator with Near‐Infrared Reflectivity Tuned Independently of the Visible Region

“…[5][6][7] Of the available electrochromic materials, conjugated conducting polymers have become widely researched electrochromic materials because of their fast switching speeds, improved processability, and color tunability through structural modification. [8][9][10][11][12] Recently, our group has produced a series of alkyland alkoxy-substituted poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)s (PProDOTs) that are soluble in common organic solvents and therefore easily processable by spin-coating or spray-casting. [13] The branched polymer (bis(ethylhexyloxy)-substituted PPro-DOT, PProDOT-(CH 2 OEtHx) 2 ), has been investigated as the active layer in a reflective electrochromic device (ECD), switching between highly absorbing and highly reflecting states.…”

Fabrication of fast switching electrochromic window based on poly(3,4-(2,2-dimethylpropylenedioxy)thiophene) thin film

“…Synthesis and characterizations of poly (3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT) and its derivatives were first reported by Reynolds et al [19] and the derivatives were shown to exhibit high in situ conductivity, color tunability, high coloration efficiency and fast response time [20]. Kumar et al studied the mono and disubstituted PProDOT derivatives for EC applications, and they reported that the disubstituted polymer derivatives show high color contrast than the corresponding mono substituted polymers [21].…”