Synthesis and characterization of indium tin oxide nanoparticles via reflux method

Abstract

Synthesis of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles by reflux method without chlorine contamination at different pHs, temperatures, solvents and concentrations has been studied. Indium chloride, tin chloride, water, ethanol and Triton X-100 were used as starting materials. Structure, size, surface morphology and transparency of indium tin oxide nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. XRD patterns showed that 400°C is the lowest temperature for synthesis of ITO nanoparticles because metal hydroxide does not transform to metal oxide in lower temperature. FT-IR results showed the transformation of hydroxyl groups to oxide. SEM images showed that pH is the most important factor affecting the nanoparticles size. The smallest nanoparticles (40 nm) were obtained at pH " 8.8. The size of crystallites was decreased by lowering of concentration (0.025 M).

Electrochemical Quantification of L-tryptophan Via Molecular Imprinted Pyromellitic Acid Polymer-Based Indium Tin Oxide Electrode

“…The strong band at 525 cm −1 of the bare ITO represents the vibrations of In-O-In and at 762 cm −1 indicate the vibrations of Sn-O-Sn. 42 The peak at 900 cm −1 corresponds to the stretching vibration of Si-O-Si bond in glass. 43 exposed surface of the MIP and the [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− / 4− .…”

Inkjet‐Printed Conductive ITO Patterns for Transparent Security Systems

“…Based on the simulated temperature profiles (Figure S2, Supporting Information), the surface temperature after FLA2 is rising to the level of 600 °C, and diffraction reflections of the cubic ITO structure are visible. It has been shown for RF magnetron sputtered ITO films [ 33 ] as well as for synthesized ITO nanoparticle films, [ 34,35 ] that after applying annealing temperatures in the range of 300–600 °C the diffraction reflections of cubic ITO structure appear. Thus, the crystalline structure remains unchanged for the ITO films independently from the applied annealing process.…”