Synthesis and characterization of crystalline carbon nitride nanowires

Bai, Xinjiao; Cao, Chuanbao; Xu, Xiaojing; Yu, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2010.09.007

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Fig. S7a show that all samples are type IV (BDDT Classification), which suggests the 15 presence of mesopores (250 nm). 48 The hysteresis loops are type H3 (IUPAC classification), which indicates the formation of slitshaped pores from the aggregates of plate-like particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The initial concentration of NO was diluted to 600 ppb by the air stream. The desired relative humidity (RH) level of the NO flow was controlled at 50% by passing the zero air streams 15 through a humidification chamber. A gas blender premixed the gas streams completely, and a mass flow controller was used to control the flow rate at 2.4 L/min.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,[11][12][13][14] However, the pristine bulk g-C 3 N 4 exhibited low photocatalytic efficiency because of its low surface area and high recombination rate of charge carriers. Several effective approaches have been developed to promote the photoactivity of g-C 3 N 4 , including 15 nanostructure engineering (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanobelts, nanosheets, hollow vessels, etc. ), [15][16][17][18][19] doping with nonmetallic elements (B, F, P, and S), 20-23 deposition with metal atoms (Pd, Pt, Fe, and Au), [24][25][26][27] coupling with inorganic semiconductors (ZnO, NiS, ZnWO 4 , TaON, Bi 2 WO 6 ,WO 3 , MoS 2 , Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 , 20 BiOBr, and BiOI), 28-38 and construction of metal-free heterojunctions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

et al. 2015

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a visible light photocatalyst, limited by low activity mainly caused by rapid recombination of charge carriers. In the present work, honeycomb-like g-C3N4 was synthesized via thermal condensation of urea with addition of water at 450 °C for 1 h. Prolonging the condensation time caused the morphology of g-C3N4 to change from a porous honeycomb structure to a velvet-like nanoarchitecture. Unlike in previous studies, the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 decreased with increasing surface area. The honeycomb-like g-C3N4 with a relatively low surface area showed highly enhanced photocatalytic activity with an NO removal ratio of 48%. The evolution of NO2 intermediate was dramatically inhibited over the honeycomb-like g-C3N4. The short and long lifetimes of the charge carriers for honeycomb-like g-C3N4 were unprecedentedly prolonged to 22.3 and 165.4 ns, respectively. As a result, the honeycomb-like g-C3N4 was highly efficient and stable in activity and could be used repeatedly. Addition of water had the following multiple positive effects on g-C3N4: (1) formation of the honeycomb structure, (2) promotion of charge separation and migration, (3) enlargement of the band gap, (4) increase in production yield, and (5) decrease in energy cost. These advantages make the present preparation method for highly efficient g-C3N4 extremely appealing for large-scale applications. The active species produced from g-C3N4 under illumination were confirmed using DMPO-ESR spin-trapping, the reaction intermediate was monitored, and the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic NO oxidation by g-C3N4 was revealed. This work could provide an attractive alternative method for mass-production of highly active g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for environmental and energetic applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

et al. 2015

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“…Tatsächlich findet man mittlerweile eine Vielfalt von Arbeiten, die die Synthese verschiedener Modifikationen und die Ausarbeitung von Zusammensetzung und Struktur von Kohlenstoffnitrid-Materialien zum Inhalt haben. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Potentielle Anwendungen in der Energieumwandlung, [29,30] Wasserstofferzeugung [31][32][33] Kohlendioxidspeicherung, [34] Reinigung von kontaminiertem Wasser, [35] in Solarzellen, [36][37][38] als Gas-und Feuchtigkeitssensor [39,40] und Vieles mehr wurden ebenfalls beschrieben. Das sogenannte g-C 3 N 4 ist das stabilste Allotrop des Kohlenstoffnitrids und findet weltweit das meiste Interesse.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Polymeres graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid als heterogener Organokatalysator: von der Photochemie über die Vielzweckkatalyse hin zur nachhaltigen Chemie

2011

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Polymere graphitische Kohlenstoffnitrid‐Materialien (vereinfacht g‐C3N4), die nur aus C, N und Spuren von H bestehen, sind in den letzten Jahren wieder verstärkt in das Zentrum des Interesses gerückt, wohl auch wegen der Ähnlichkeit zu Graphit. g‐C3N4 ist anders als Graphit ein Halbleiter mit mittlerer Bandlücke und damit ein effektiver (Photo)‐Katalysator für eine ganze Reihe von Reaktionen. In diesem Aufsatz beschreiben wir die “Polymerchemie” des synthetischen Aufbaus, wie die Bandlagen und die Bandlücke durch Copolymerisation und Dotierung verändert werden können und wie Änderungen der Festkörpertextur die Effektivität dieses heterogenen Organokatalysators verbessern können. g‐C3N4 und seine Modifikationen zeigen eine sehr hohe thermische und chemische Stabilität und katalysieren eine ganze Reihe von “Traumreaktionen”, wie die photochemische Spaltung von Wasser, milde und selektive Oxidationsreaktionen, oder – als coaktiver Katalysatorträger – superschnelle Hydrierungen. Da Kohlenstoffnitrid metallfrei ist, toleriert es funktionelle Gruppen und ist daher für Vielzweckanwendungen in der Umwandlung von Biomasse und in der nachhaltigen Chemie geeignet.

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“…Up to now, g-C 3 N 4 with several different kinds of morphologies has been fabricated, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanobelts, hollow vessels, etc 569…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and luminescence mechanism of multicolor-emitting g-C3N4 nanopowders by low temperature thermal condensation of melamine

Zhang

Pan

Chai

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

459

336

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Graphite like C3N4 (g-C3N4) was synthesized facilely via the low temperature thermal condensation of melamine between 300–650°C. The results showed that the products maintained as melamine when the temperature is below 300°C. With the increase of temperature, the products were transformed into carbon nitride and amorphous g-C3N4 successively. The morphology of products was changed from spherical nanoparticles of melamine into layer carbon nitride and g-C3N4 with the increase of temperature. The photoluminescence spectra showed that the carbon nitride products have continuous tunable photoluminescence properties in the visible region with increasing temperature. With the help of steady state, transient state time-resolved photoluminescence spectra and Raman microstructural characterization, a novel tunable photoluminescence mechanism was founded systematically, which is mainly related to the two dimensional π-conjugated polymeric network and the lone pair of the carbon nitride.

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Synthesis and characterization of crystalline carbon nitride nanowires

Cited by 29 publications

References 45 publications

Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

Polymeres graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid als heterogener Organokatalysator: von der Photochemie über die Vielzweckkatalyse hin zur nachhaltigen Chemie

Synthesis and luminescence mechanism of multicolor-emitting g-C3N4 nanopowders by low temperature thermal condensation of melamine

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Synthesis and characterization of crystalline carbon nitride nanowires

Cited by 29 publications

References 45 publications

Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C3N4 with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C3N4 with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

Polymeres graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid als heterogener Organokatalysator: von der Photochemie über die Vielzweckkatalyse hin zur nachhaltigen Chemie

Synthesis and luminescence mechanism of multicolor-emitting g-C3N4 nanopowders by low temperature thermal condensation of melamine

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Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity

Water-assisted production of honeycomb-like g-C₃N₄ with ultralong carrier lifetime and outstanding photocatalytic activity