Synthesis and characterization of carbon coated nanoparticles produced by a continuous low-pressure plasma process

Panchal, Vineet; Neergat, Manoj; Bhandarkar, Upendra

doi:10.1007/s11051-011-0305-3

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The schematic diagram of the process chamber and further details are given elsewhere. 20,21 Argon and hydrogen gas are used to generate the plasma. Gas°ow rates are adjusted using separate mass°ow controllers for each gas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,17,19 Plasmabased processes have already been used for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. [20][21][22] The precursors used in these reported synthesis processes are iron pentacarbonyl and ferrocene. Nanoparticle synthesis in low-pressure plasmas depends on the choice of suitable precursor and process parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, iron pentacarbonyl is used widely as a precursor for the synthesis of iron or iron oxide nanoparticles. 21,24,25 In addition, iron nanoparticles can be easily formed by the dissociation of iron pentacarbonyl into Fe(s) and CO(g). 26 However, carbonyl compounds are hazardous and are not easily available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Iron Acetylacetonate and Cyclopentadienyliron Dicarbonyl Dimer in Low Pressure Plasma — Effect of Plasma Parameters on Morphology and Magnetic Properties

et al. 2015

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Iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using organometallic precursors namely, iron (III) acetylacetonate and cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl dimer in a capacitively coupled low pressure plasma system. They are characterized using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray Di®raction (XRD), magnetization studies and Raman spectroscopy. The role of hydrogen and RF (Radio Frequency) power on the crystalline and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles is studied. Incorporation of hydrogen to the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) chamber during the synthesis facilitates both crystallization of iron oxide nanoparticles and reduction of carbon content in the product. The saturation magnetization of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using iron (III) acetylacetonate and cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl dimer in presence of hydrogen at 200 W RF power is higher than that synthesized in the absence of hydrogen at 50 W RF power. In case of nanoparticles Int. J. Nanosci. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY on 03/25/15. For personal use only.synthesized using iron (III) acetylacetonate, the saturation magnetization increases from 1.5 emu g À1 to 19 emu g À1 , and for the same synthesized from cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl dimer it increases from from 3.2 emu g À1 to 22.4 emu g À1 .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Iron Acetylacetonate and Cyclopentadienyliron Dicarbonyl Dimer in Low Pressure Plasma — Effect of Plasma Parameters on Morphology and Magnetic Properties

et al. 2015

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“…Another synthesis issue is controlled phase composition aimed at optimizing specific applications, for example, biomedical or water treatment prefers magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 )/ maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) iron-oxide polymorph, while hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) is preferred for use as catalysts [28], gas/humidity sensors [29] or in lithium-ion batteries [30]. A wide variety of techniques have been explored for synthesis of nano-sized iron-oxide, such as chemical synthesis [31], thermal decomposition [32], hydrothermal synthesis [33], micro-emulsions [34], electrochemical synthesis [35], sol-gel techniques [36], plasma-assisted methods: radio frequency thermal plasma [37], microwave plasma [22], transferred/non-transferred arc DC plasma [38], low-pressure RF plasma [39], etc. There are also reports emphasizing large-scale production of this nanocrystalline material [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-controlled synthesis of superparamagnetic iron-oxide and iron-oxide/iron/carbon nanotube nanocomposites by supersonic plasma expansion technique

Sarma

Sarmah

Aomoa

et al. 2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Fine size-controlled synthesis of superparamagnetic iron-oxide and its nanocomposites are reported by a supersonic thermal-plasma assisted process. The effects of oxygen flow rates, gas injection position, and carrier gas types were studied, and the phase composition of the product material was estimated by Rietveld refinement technique. The smallest iron-oxide nanoparticle sample with 10 nm average size was synthesized at 19 liters per minute flow of oxygen, which also had the largest contribution from the magnetite/maghemite phases at 88%. The saturation magnetization and the magnetic coercivity of this superparamagnetic sample were measured as 28 emu g −1 and 6 Oe, respectively, the latter one is the smallest value reported in the literature produced by a plasma method. The sample demonstrated satisfactory biocompatibility behavior, which should be suitable for advanced bio-medical and environmental applications. A superparamagnetic nanocomposite material containing ironoxide, carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles, along with single-walled carbon nanotubes was also produced while injecting oxygen into the vacuum chamber and using hydrogen as the carrier gas. The average particle size was 5.1 nm, which had saturation magnetization of 52 emu g −1 and coercivity 10 Oe. The sample was found to be slightly more toxic, assumed due to the presence of the single walled carbon nanotubes. The high rate of production and single step processing were the other important advantages of this synthesis technique for the nanocomposite material.

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“…[ 8 ] produced Cu 2 O nanowire arrays protected by carbon layers which show notably improved photostability and water splitting performance. Various methods have been exploited to grow carbon films, such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, pulsed laser deposition, sputtering technique, filtered cathodic jet carbon arc technique, pyrolysis of polymeric materials, and solution-based carbon precursor coating process [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], etc . However, these conventional methods have difficulty in meeting the requirement of precise control over the thickness of produced carbon films, require complicated procedures, and tend to cause fractures in the derived carbon films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniform and Conformal Carbon Nanofilms Produced Based on Molecular Layer Deposition

et al. 2013

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Continuous and uniform carbon nanofilms (CNFs) are prepared by pyrolysis of polyimide films which are produced by molecular layer deposition (MLD). The film thickness can be easily controlled at nanometer scale by altering the cycle numbers. During the annealing process at 600 °C, the polyimide film is subject to shrinkage of 70% in thickness. The obtained CNFs do not exhibit a well-graphitized structure due to the low calcination temperature. No clear pore structures are observed in the produced films. CNFs grown on a glass substrate with a thickness of about 1.4 nm shows almost 98% optical transmittance in the visible spectrum range. Au nanoparticles coated with CNFs are produced by this method. Carbon nanotubes with uniform wall thickness are obtained using anodic aluminum oxide as a template by depositing polyimide films into its pores. Our results demonstrate that this method is very effective to coat conformal and uniform CNFs on various substrates, such as nanoparticles and porous templates, to produce functional composite nanomaterials.

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Synthesis and characterization of carbon coated nanoparticles produced by a continuous low-pressure plasma process

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Iron Acetylacetonate and Cyclopentadienyliron Dicarbonyl Dimer in Low Pressure Plasma — Effect of Plasma Parameters on Morphology and Magnetic Properties

Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Iron Acetylacetonate and Cyclopentadienyliron Dicarbonyl Dimer in Low Pressure Plasma — Effect of Plasma Parameters on Morphology and Magnetic Properties

Size-controlled synthesis of superparamagnetic iron-oxide and iron-oxide/iron/carbon nanotube nanocomposites by supersonic plasma expansion technique

Uniform and Conformal Carbon Nanofilms Produced Based on Molecular Layer Deposition

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