Synthesis and biological evaluation of amino-pyridines as androgen receptor antagonists for stimulating hair growth and reducing sebum production

A Review: Synthesis and Medicinal Importance of Nicotinonitriles and Their Analogous

“…Hu et al . synthesized a series of amino‐pyridines and evaluated their androgen antagonist activities via heating the dichloronicotinonitrile 324 with the appropriate alkyl amines 325 at 91°C in DMF in the presence of K 2 CO 3 for 1–3 h and de‐chlorination of the formed chloroderivatives 326 with hydrogenation in the presence of catalytic 20% palladium on carbon for 2–5 min to afford the aminopyridines 327a – k (Scheme ) .…”

“…Furthermore, it displayed potent androgen receptor antagonist activity as well as favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics for a potential topical agent. It also demonstrated remarkable potency for stimulating hair growth in a male C3H mouse model as well as reducing sebum production in the male Syrian hamster ear model (Scheme ) .…”

Recent Developments in Androgen Receptor Antagonists

“…Pfizer collected AR antagonists for the treatment of partial hair loss and excess sebum production . Among these AR antagonists, 52 was found to possess potent AR antagonist activity (IC 50 = 0.077 µM) (Fig.…”

Developments in Nonsteroidal Antiandrogens Targeting the Androgen Receptor

“…Hu et al 38. designed a series of compounds that combined the structures of flutamide ( 1 ) and bicalutamide ( 2 ), and inserted a nitrogen into the phenyl ring, forming the pyridines.…”

“… Pyridine derivatives 37 – 42 . The biological data shown was taken from Reference 38. K i and IC 50 values are given against hAR and MDA‐MB453‐MMTV clone 54‐19 cell line, respectively.…”