Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Organoselenium Compounds

Abstract

Background: The chemistry of organoselenium reagents provides an asset for organic synthesis. The versatility of these reagents as electrophiles and nucleophiles makes them one of the key components of organic synthesis. Various synthetic transformations such as oxyselenenylations, selenocyclization and selenoxide elimination have been successfully achieved using organoselenium reagents under mild reaction conditions. The presence of selenocysteine in a few mammalian enzymes was the key information for selenium chemists to explore the biochemistry of selenium compounds. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a mammalian selenoenzyme, is well known for maintaining redox equilibrium by detoxifying reactive oxygen species. Objective: The aim is to critically analyze the recent development and prospects of synthesis and antioxidant properties of organoselenium compounds Method: In this review, we summarised research and review papers from the PubMed and Scopus databases. The primary themes were linked to the synthesis of organoselenium compounds and their capacity to maintain cellular redox equilibrium when exposed to oxidative stress. Result: The study reveals that diselenide compounds synthesised by various methods showed a better antioxidant activity profile compared to selenides. In a few cases, the activity was found better than the standard compound ebselen. Moreover, the synthesis and antioxidant activity of Selenium-based nanoparticles have been also included. Conclusion: In the past two decades, various biological properties of organoselenium compounds have been extensively studied including the antioxidant properties. This review article would give insight into the synthesis of different types of recently synthesised organoselenium compounds. The review would be helpful to the researchers working in the field of medicinal chemistry in directing the synthesis of new organoselenium compounds as antioxidants.

Selenium: An Antioxidant with a Critical Role in Anti-Aging

“…Se nanoparticles with chitosan/citrate complex have protected experimental mice against ROS in galactose-induced aging [ 134 ]. Mamgain et al reported the antioxidant activity of diverse Se-based nanoparticles [ 135 ]. The antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and immunomodulatory efficacy of nano-Se applications for enhancing stress resilience and productivity of livestock and fish were proven by Sarkar et al [ 136 ].…”

Photoinduced N-heterocyclic nitrenium-catalyzed single electron reduction of Se–Se bond for the generation of nucleophilic selenolates

“…Organoselenium derivatives are found in many important bioactive compounds, 1 exhibiting a wide array of beneficial properties, including anti-oxidant, 2 anti-inflammatory, 3 anti-hypertensives, 4 and anti-infective effects. 5 Furthermore, they are highly versatile reagents in organic synthesis and catalysis, 1 a ,6 providing significant motivation for chemists to explore innovative methods for their synthesis.…”

Glutathione Peroxidase-like Antioxidant Activity of 1,3-Benzoselenazoles: Synthesis and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors

“…Excess of ROS was ameliorated by some natural enzymatic preventive antioxidants such as catalases, superoxide dismutase, and the GPx-enzymes in biological systems . A variety of organoselenium compounds as antioxidants have been developed to mimic the action of the GPx-enzymes. , In this regard, the first synthetic heterocyclic organoselenium compound as ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzoisoselenazol-3-[2 H ] one, 1 ) with the Se–N bond in a five-membered ring was discovered as the GPx-mimic (Figure ). …”