Syntheses of transuranium isotopes with atomic numbers Z≤ 103 in multi-nucleon transfer reactions

The periodic table – an experimenter’s guide to transactinide chemistry

“…The involved nuclear processes are not topic here. Briefly, the most important features of this production path relevant for the subsequent chemical studies are: -The complete nuclear fusion process of heavy ions with the irradiated target atoms is an exceptionally rare process leading to production rates of transactinides in the range from several atoms per minute up to single atoms per several days [18]; -The SHE production is accompanied by the production of partial fusion products, in so-called multi-nucleon transfer reactions, occurring at orders of magnitude higher rates [19], which produce isotopes of elements of almost the entire periodic table, some of which might interfere with the detection of the transactinide products and have to be separated. -The produced single atoms of TA elements recoil out of the production target with the momentum of the incoming beam particles.…”

Production cross sections for exotic nuclei with multinucleon transfer reactions

“…Discussions on the prospects of this method from experimental view can be seen in Refs. [44,63,84,85]. Many experiments have been performed in recent years, such as 238 U+ 238 U and 238 U+ 248 Cm carried out at the UNILAC accelerator of the GSI [79], 136 Xe+ 238 U performed at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro [86].…”

A Novel Experimental Setup for Rare Events Selection and Its Potential Application to Super-heavy Elements Search

“…This raises the interesting possibility that the production of neutron rich lower Z products can feed higher Z products through β − decay, increasing the effective production cross section for such higher Z products near the line of stability. Recent systematic efforts to explore the utility of multi-nucleon transfer reactions for production of new neutron-rich isotopes suggest that the experimental cross sections for projectile (target) like fragment production exceed predicted cross sections by 2-3 orders of magnitude [46,47]. It is interesting to ask whether a similar trend exists for heavier elements.…”