Syntax

Fischer, Olga; Wurff, Wim van der

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511791154.004

Cited by 62 publications

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“…However, in those languages, such clauses are highly infrequent; thus, Faarlund et al (1997: 472) claim that they are 'marginal' in Norwegian (see also Killie 2006: 452 note 8). Converb clauses represent a stylistic device which is restricted to use in literary styles -an 'exploratory' device, in current linguistic parlance (see Fischer & van der Wurff 2006). Interestingly, it appears that, at least in Norwegian, such clauses typically appear postverbally with an add/acc reading.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The grammaticalization and subjectification of adverbial -ingclauses (converb clauses) in English

Killie¹,

Swan²

2009

English Language and Linguistics

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The present article discusses the development of adverbial -ing clauses, so-called ‘converb clauses’, in English. We argue that Middle English does not have a category of truly subordinate adverbial clauses in -ing, but that such clauses have developed on the basis of semi-coordinate -ing clauses denoting an accompanying circumstance or exemplification/specification. In the course of the Middle English period, such clauses began to be reinterpreted as clauses expressing adverbial relations such as time, condition, cause, purpose, etc. Another likely source of converb clauses is participial relative clauses. We see the development of converb clauses as an instance of grammaticalization, as it involves the development of a grammatical means of expressing a rhetorical function, viz. the ‘Nucleus-Satellite’ relation (Mathiessen & Thompson 1988). This grammaticalization process also involves subjectification, given that the source constructions are propositional, while time and cause clauses have textual and expressive functions/meanings. The grammaticalization process was probably also fed by other participial structures – notably the progressive and the gerund, which were being grammaticalized at the same time – and also nonclausal adverbial structures.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The grammaticalization and subjectification of adverbial -ingclauses (converb clauses) in English

Killie¹,

Swan²

2009

English Language and Linguistics

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“…Moving from present to past, the Middle English period (ME) was taken as the starting point of the diachronic investigation, as this is the period when complex premodifying NP strings (i.e. two or more adjectives) begin to be operative in English (see Fischer ; ; Fischer and Van der Wurff ). Although of course any data from previous periods of the language is by default written, care was taken to include compilations featuring text‐types associated with ‘speech‐oriented’ environments (e.g., private letters, drama, witness depositions and trials; Culpeper & Kytö 2010: 17ff; Jucker and Taavitsainen : 23; Lutzky : 5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing The Development Of AnOld Old Story: Intensificatory Repetition In English

González-Díaz

2017

Trans of the Philol Soc

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The present paper explores the synchronic distribution and historical development of an intensificatory construction that has so far received little attention in previous literature on English; i.e. what Huddleston and Pullum (2002) label as INTENSIFICATORY REPETITION (e.g. old old story, long long way). Synchronically, the paper records the existence of two functional subtypes of repetitive intensification (affection and degree) and expands previous accounts by showing the functional versatility of the degree intensificatory subtype. At the diachronic level, the paper dates the establishment of (degree) intensificatory repetition to the Late Modern English (LModE) period. It also suggests that (a) intensificatory affection was the first repetitive (sub)type to develop in the language, and (b) that its collocational expansion from Early Modern English (EModE) onwards may have paved the way for the establishment of its degree intensification counterpart.More generally, the paper shows that formulaic phraseology can contribute to the development of fully productive constructions and advocates the need for further study of 'minor' intensificatory constructions (such as the one explored here) and the way in which they may help to refine current standard descriptions of the English Noun Phrase. METHODOLOGYThe study is corpus-based. A range of single-and multi-genre compilations, both synchronic and diachronic, were consulted.The data for the PDE period comes from the British National Corpus (BNC). 4 All instances of intensificatory (adjectival) repetition were retrieved from the spoken BNC subcorpus. However, the size of the written BNC subcorpus (c. 98 million words) and the general nature of the string search performed (any two-adjective strings followed by a noun; see below on retrieval protocols) precluded the possibility of scrutinizing all tokens of the retrieved pattern (the query yielded 311,834 hits). In order to provide as reliable a solution as possible, all (written) BNC hits were randomised and the first 15,000 examples were selected for further analysis.Moving from present to past, the Middle English period (ME) was taken as the starting point of the diachronic investigation, as this is the period when complex premodifying NP strings (i.e. two or more adjectives) begin to be operative in English (see Fischer 2000;Fischer and Van der Wurff 2006). Although of course any data from previous periods of the language is by default written, care was taken to include compilations featuring text-types associated with 'speech-oriented' environments (e.g., private letters, drama, witness depositions and trials; Culpeper & Kyt€ o 2010: 17ff; Jucker and Taavitsainen 2013: 23; Lutzky 2012: 5).The PPCME2 5 was used as the main corpus for the ME period. For the EModE period, the PPCEME corpus, as well as a series of genre-specific diachronic compilations were consulted (i.e. the Corpus of English Dialogues (CED), 6 the Corpus of Early English Correspondence (CEEC) 7 and a self-compiled corpus of EModE drama 8 (CEMODEDRA...

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“…In other words the preterite and the perfect were variants for a while within the tense system (though no doubt the variation was governed by certain semantic or pragmatic principles -whose nature still awaits full investigation). (Fischer et Van der Wurff 2006 : 139 ; c'est nous qui soulignons) > Fischer et Van der Wurff semblent affirmer que la variation libre n'était pas de mise. In many cases it is difficult to account for the use of the historical perfect, and there is reason to suspect that the use of the perfect instead of the preterite is often simply due to metrical considerations.…”

Section: La Concurrence En Moyen-anglais Entre Parfaitet Prétéritmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…At first the distribution between the two forms is uneven and alsoundefined, the preterite still dominating in contexts where we would now use the perfect, and vice versa. (Fischer et Van der Wurff 2006 : 140 ; c'est nous qui soulignons) > Fischer et Van der Wurff semblent affirmer que la variation libre était de mise.…”

Section: La Concurrence En Moyen-anglais Entre Parfaitet Prétéritunclassified

L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie1

Lowrey¹,

Toupin²

2010

corela

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Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 19 avril 2019. Corela-cognition, représentation, langage est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 4.0 International. L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie 1 Brian Lowrey et Fabienne Toupin L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010 L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010 ONE et SOME ne marquent pas directement l'opposition référentiel/non référentiel. Mais les deux traits qu'ils comportent, extraction et caractère indifférencié de l'unité (ou des unités) extraite(s), les rendent aptes à exprimer le non-référentiel si le contexte le permet. (Garnier et Guimier 1997 : 66) 5 Cette dernière citation montre bien que l'invariant peut constituer le cadre d'un raisonnement visant à dégager le rôle respectif du marqueur et de son cotexte dans la variation des sens qui peuvent lui être associés (cf. "aptes à exprimer le non-référentiel si le contexte le permet."). Et sous cet angle, il convient de nuancer les positions, la linguistique de l'invariant étant alors moins nettement une linguistique du mot et davantage une linguistique du discours. La tâche de formuler un invariant est probablement une des plus malaisées qui soit dans la description linguistique contemporaine. Jean-Jacques Franckel et Denis Paillard, dans la revue Langages 129 (1998 : 61), évoquent "l'inévitable étau des deux contraintes antagonistes qui conduisent d'un côté à surinvestir le mot pour ne rien rater de sa L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010 L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010 (3) Is our rabbit a girl or a boy, Mummy? (4) The Mature Woman in Higher Education: What's a Nice Old Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This? (Site de l'ERIC, Education Resources Information Center) Dans (3), le référent de girl n'est pas un être humain. Dans (4), girl ne désigne pas un être jeune : son emploi correspond plutôt à la définition 2 du Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English : (5) 2.spoken. an old woman: She's a nice old girl! (http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/old-girl) Certes, on soulignera le rôle de old dans cette interprétation, mais ce serait trop vite oublier que old girl ne réfère pas nécessairement à un être âgé et peut même renvoyer à une personne jeune encore, au sens de « ancienne élève d'une école ou institution ». Quoi L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010 L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie Corela, 8-2 | 2010

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Syntax

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

The grammaticalization and subjectification of adverbial -ingclauses (converb clauses) in English

The grammaticalization and subjectification of adverbial -ingclauses (converb clauses) in English

Tracing The Development Of AnOld Old Story: Intensificatory Repetition In English

L'invariant à l'épreuve de la diachronie1

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