Synovial B cells of rheumatoid arthritis express ZAP-70 which increases the survival and correlates with the inflammatory and autoimmune phenotype

B-Cell Subsets in the Joint Compartments of Seropositive and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and No-RA Arthritides Express Memory Markers and ZAP70 and Characterize the Aggregate Pattern Irrespectively of the Autoantibody Status

“…Recent data have provided evidence that the synovial fluid of RA patients is enriched of memory B cells that express CXCR4 together with IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, and these cells may be recruited into the synovial membrane, where they accumulate and are responsible for the follicularlike structure formation, thus contributing to the perpetuation of chronic synovitis (22). Our study supports these observations, as we found that the levels of IL-8 and MCP-1, cytokines with proinflammatory and chemotactic functions, were significantly higher in PB of RA compared with no-RA (13). Consistent with these data, van de Sande et al (26) recently suggested that the presence of lymphocyte aggregates seems to be related to the level of synovial inflammation in early-arthritis patients and can change over time.…”

Relationship Between Redox Status and Cell Fate in Immunity and Autoimmunity

“…In accordance with this hypothesis, there is accumulating evidence for impaired T-and B-lymphocyte apoptosis in the rheumatoid synovium contributing to joint inflammation (9,171). In addition, apoptosis is decreased in RA synoviocytes and it is responsible for the massive synovial hyperplasia (131).…”

Identifying genes related with rheumatoid arthritis via system biology analysis

“…The genetic variant of PTPRC is associated with RA risk (Raychaudhuri et al, 2009) and PTPRC mutation is associated with response to antitNF therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (Higgs, 2010). ZAP70, a biomarker of B cell immune activation in RA, correlates with the inflammatory and autoimmune phenotype (Tolusso et al, 2009). Synovial CD79A-positive B cells are also regarded as a potential helpful biomarker for histologic disease activity in RA and correlate with joint destruction in RA (Mo et al, 2011).…”