No abstract

No abstract

Overall, our results indicated that the expression of HLA-G is a characteristic feature of gastric carcinoma and that immunostaining by anti-HLA-G antibody may be a potentially useful prognostic indicator.

The detection of HLA-G expression might serve as a clinical marker in the diagnosis or prediction of clinical outcomes for certain types of carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether the detection of HLA-G has any important clinical applications for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by using immunohistochemical methods. We observed that the HLA-G protein was expressed in 90.9% (110/121) of the primary sites of ESCC but not in the normal esophageal tissues. The expression of HLA-G in the tumors was significantly correlated with histologic grade, depth of invasion, nodal status, host immune response, and clinical stage of disease. Patients with positive HLA-G expression had a significantly worse prognosis. In multivariate analysis, HLA-G was an independent prognostic factor. Our results indicate that expression of HLA-G is a characteristic feature of ESCC and suggest that immunostaining by anti-HLA-G antibodies may be a potentially useful prognostic indicator.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), also known as royal jelly acid, has a variety of physiological functions, and recent studies have shown that it also has anticancer effects. However, its anticancer mechanisms have not been clearly defined. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of 10-HDA in A549 human lung cancer cells. We used Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, scratch wound healing assay, flow cytometry, and western blot analysis to investigate its apoptotic effects and underlying mechanism. Our results showed that 10-HDA inhibited the proliferation of three types of human lung cancer cells and had no significant toxic effects on normal cells. Accompanying reactive oxygen species (ROS), 10-HDA induced A549 cell apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial-associated apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in a time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, 10-HDA also regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways by increasing the expression levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p-p38, and I-κB, and additionally, by decreasing the expression levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p-STAT3, and NF-κB. These effects were blocked by MAPK inhibitors and N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Furthermore, 10-HDA inhibited cell migration by regulating transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), SNAI1, GSK-3β, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin. Taken together, the results of this study showed that 10-HDA induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells through ROS-mediated MAPK, STAT3, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 signaling pathways. Therefore, 10-HDA may be a potential therapy for human lung cancer.

No abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

Objective We attempted to understand the status of vitamin (Vit) A, D, and E in children aged 0–6 living in the Tibetan plateau areas of Ganzi prefecture, to provide the basis for relevant government departments to carry out physical examinations of these children and to prevent and cure four key diseases (Infantile diarrhea, nutritional anemia, rickets, and infantile pneumonia). Methods Serum retinol and tocopherol levels were detected using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum levels of 25‐(OH)D were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The polynomial logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of age, season, altitude, and gender on Vit A, D, and E levels. Results Vit A and D had the lowest mean serum levels before the age of 1 year and with the most significant deficiency rates. The lowest Vit E levels were seen in the Toddlerhood group. The rates of deficiency and insufficiency were the highest. Vit A, D, and E levels were significantly affected by seasonal changes and were significantly higher in the summer than in any other season. Vit A and D were significantly affected by altitude, and their levels were lowest above 4 km. Conclusion The overall levels of Vit A, D, and E in children aged 0–6 in the Tibetan plateau areas of Ganzi prefecture were lower than those in the plain's areas.