Synopsis of infectious diseases and parasites of commercially exploited shellfish

Simbiontes associados com Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin) (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneridae) na Ilha de Santa Catarina e região continental adjacente, Santa Catarina, Brasil

“…Trata-se de um ciliado do gênero Trichodina Ehrenberg, 1830 (Oligohymenophorea, Peritrichia, Mobilida). Espécies desse gê-nero estão relatadas como patogênicas para alguns bivalves e inócuas para outros (LAUCKNER 1983, BOWER et al 1994, CARBALLAL et al 2001. Em ostras do gênero Crassostrea, esses organismos produzem lesões no epitélio branquial e interferem no funcionamento normal das brânquias (FIGUERAS & VILLALBA 1988).…”

“…No caso de C. gigas (Thunberg, 1793) severamente infestadas por uma espécie de Trichodina, BOUSSAID et al (1999) observaram resposta inflamatória nas brânquias. BOWER et al (1994) relataram que em ostras do gênero Crassostrea, além de se localizarem nos filamentos branquiais, esses ciliados podem também ocorrer nos palpos labiais, no manto e na cavidade do manto.…”

First record of parasitism in the mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) at Jaguaribe River estuary - Ceará, Brazil

“…Adult individuals of this parasite are found infecting the elasmobranchii's gut spiral valve (Lauckner, 1983). In South America, there is not enough knowledge about health status and parasites of bivalves (Bower et al, 1994). According to Cremonte et al (2005), this occurs because the mollusks' rearing is poorly developed in the coasts of South Western Atlantic.…”

“…Those parasites are often observed in the gills and mantle of mollusks and complete their life cycle in the gut of marine arthropods (Bower et al, 1994).…”

First record of protozoan parasites, Tetrahymena rostrata and Callimastix equi from the edible oyster in Sundarbans region of West Bengal, India

“…Diseases of bivalve molluscs are noteworthy not only for their impact on population dynamics, especially of key commercial species, but also for characteristics that separate them from typical diseases affecting mammals and fish. Most described bivalve diseases are of protozoan origin (Bower et al 1994) and transmission is commonly via the water column since most adult hosts are immobile. Transmission occurs over large distances and can be rapid under favorable climatic conditions, resulting in rapid parasite proliferation and elevated adult mortalities (Andrews and Wood 1967;Lafferty and Kuris 1993;Burreson and Ragone-Calvo 1996;Ford and Tripp 1996).…”