Synergy in Herbal Medicines: Part 1

Yarnell, Eric

doi:10.14200/jrm.2015.4.0104

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Despite the focus of most research on small molecule active principles, there has been increasing attention paid to biologics over the past few decades. Notably, crude plant extracts were found to be more effective than the single compound, 3 which suggests that the whole plant extracts contain a cocktail of components where such substances as macromolecules may contribute significantly to the overall pharmacological effects of the herbal medicines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tRNA-derived fragment from Chinese yew suppresses ovarian cancer growth via targeting TRPA1

Cao

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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Drug discovery from plants usually focuses on small molecules rather than such biological macromolecules as RNAs. Although plant transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragment (tRF) has been associated with the developmental and defense mechanisms in plants, its regulatory role in mammals remains unclear. By employing a novel reverse small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening strategy, we show that a tRF mimic (antisense derived from the 5 0 end of tRNA His(GUG) of Chinese yew) exhibits comparable anti-cancer activity with that of taxol on ovarian cancer A2780 cells, with a 16-fold lower dosage than that of taxol. A dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that tRF-T11 directly targets the 3 0 UTR of oncogene TRPA1 mRNA. Furthermore, an Argonaute-RNA immunoprecipitation (AGO-RIP) assay demonstrated that tRF-T11 can interact with AGO2 to suppress TRPA1 via an RNAi pathway. This study uncovers a new role of plant-derived tRFs in regulating endogenous genes. This holds great promise for exploiting novel RNA drugs derived from nature and sheds light on the discovery of unknown molecular targets of therapeutics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tRNA-derived fragment from Chinese yew suppresses ovarian cancer growth via targeting TRPA1

Cao

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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“…A herb’s biological activity is due to the synergistic interaction of all its compounds within an organism. Therefore, the pharmacological action of a plant extract is attributed to a whole multi-component mixture of constituent natural compounds [ 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Romanian Viscum album L.—Untargeted Low-Molecular Metabolomic Approach to Engineered Viscum–AuNPs Carrier Assembly

Segneanu

Marin

Herea

et al. 2022

Plants

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Viscum is one of the most famous and appreciated medicinal plants in Europe and beyond. The symbiotic relationship with the host tree and various endogenous and ecological aspects are the main factors on which the viscum metabolites’ profiles depend. In addition, European traditional medicine mentions that only in two periods of the year (summer solstice and winter solstice) the therapeutic potential of the plant is at its maximum. Many studies have investigated the phytotherapeutic properties of viscum grown on different species of trees. However, studies on Romanian viscum are relatively few and refer mainly to the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of mistletoe grown on Acer campestre, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus nigra, Malus domestica, or Robinia pseudoacacia. This study reports the first complete low-molecular-weight metabolite profile of Romanian wild-grown European viscum. A total of 140 metabolites were identified under mass spectra (MS) positive mode from 15 secondary metabolite categories: flavonoids, amino acids and peptides, terpenoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, organic acids, nucleosides, alcohols and esters, amines, coumarins, alkaloids, lignans, steroids, aldehydes, and miscellaneous. In addition, the biological activity of each class of metabolite is discussed. The development of a simple and selective phyto-engineered AuNPs carrier assembly is reported and an evaluation of the nanocarrier system’s morpho-structure is performed, to capitalize on the beneficial properties of viscum and AuNPs.

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“…When tested by microbroth dilution assay to determine its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the crude extract showed 2.44 µg/mL MIC value in comparison to tetracycline with MIC value of 31.25 µg/mL. These results suggest that at a lower concentration the crude extract exhibits strong antibacterial activity that is attributable to either a single antibacterial compound present in the crude extract or several compounds working synergistically to elicit a strong antibacterial action (Williamson, 2001;Yarnell, 2015).…”

Section: Antibacterial Activity Profile Of Streptomyces Griseorubens mentioning

confidence: 95%

Anthracycline Shunt Metabolites From Philippine Marine Sediment-Derived Streptomyces Destroy Cell Membrane Integrity of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

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The rise of antibiotic resistance (ABR) and the drying up of the pipeline for the development of new antibiotics demands an urgent search for new antibiotic leads. While the majority of clinically available antibiotics were discovered from terrestrial Streptomyces, related species from marine sediments as a source of antibiotics remain underexplored. Here, we utilized culture-dependent isolation of thirty-five marine sediment-derived actinobacterial isolates followed by a screening of their antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant S. aureus ATCC BAA-44. Our results revealed that the crude extract of Streptomyces griseorubens strain DSD069 isolated from marine sediments collected in Romblon, Philippines displays the highest antibacterial activity, with 96.4% growth inhibition. The S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 cells treated with crude extract of Streptomyces griseorubens strain DSD069 showed cell membrane damage as demonstrated by (a) leakage and loss of vital cell constituents, including DNA and proteins, (b) irregular shrinkage of cells, and (c) increase membrane permeability. The antibiotic compounds were identified as Bisanhydroaklavinone and 1-Hydroxybisanhydroaklavinone with MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL and 50.00 µg/mL, respectively. Bisanhydroaklavinone and 1-Hydroxybisanhydroaklavinone are shunt metabolites in the biosynthesis of anticancer anthracycline derivatives namely doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and cinerubins. It is rare, however, that shunt metabolites are accumulated during fermentation of marine sediment-derived Streptomyces strain without genetic modification. Thus, our study provides evidence that natural bacterial strain can produce Bisanhydroaklavinone and 1-Hydroxybisanhydroaklavinone as antibiotic leads to combat ABR.

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Synergy in Herbal Medicines: Part 1

Cited by 19 publications

References 72 publications

A tRNA-derived fragment from Chinese yew suppresses ovarian cancer growth via targeting TRPA1

A tRNA-derived fragment from Chinese yew suppresses ovarian cancer growth via targeting TRPA1

Romanian Viscum album L.—Untargeted Low-Molecular Metabolomic Approach to Engineered Viscum–AuNPs Carrier Assembly

Anthracycline Shunt Metabolites From Philippine Marine Sediment-Derived Streptomyces Destroy Cell Membrane Integrity of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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