Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt: A Review of Recent Developments

Cheng, Chu Yong; Barnard, K.R.; Zhang, Wensheng; Robinson, David J.

doi:10.1080/07366299.2011.595636

Cited by 78 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The direct and simultaneous extraction of nickel(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) into the organic phase was achieved while keeping the impurities in the raffinate . The separation coefficients of nickel over cobalt and manganese were correspondingly 675 and 576, which indicated easy separation of nickel from manganese as well as cobalt, and resulted in the nickel product that met the London Metal Exchange (LME) high‐grade nickel standards . Compared to the synergistic mixtures applied by Flett and West et al ., the synergistic mixture containing Lix63 and Versatic10 greatly improved the extraction kinetics of nickel (II) (over 86% nickel was extracted in 10 min).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Owing to the impurities left in the raffinate, the direct and simultaneous extraction of nickel and cobalt from the acidic leach liquors by a synergistic mixture using a short procedure and involving low cost has been attracting great attention since the 1970s . Accordingly, a multitude of synergistic mixtures have been developed for the separation of metals by mixing α‐hydroxyoxime and carboxylic acid . For example, Flett and West et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the greatest obstacle for these synergistic mixtures to be applied extensively in industry was the slow nickel(II) extraction kinetics (about 3 h to reach extraction equilibrium). Cheng and colleagues have carried out work on the separation of nickel, cobalt, copper, and zinc from manganese, magnesium, and calcium in sulfate solution by employing a synergistic mixture consisting of commercially available Lix63 and Versatic10. The direct and simultaneous extraction of nickel(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) into the organic phase was achieved while keeping the impurities in the raffinate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Nickel(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

Zhu

et al. 2017

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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In the present work, the nickel(II) synergist complex with isobutyric acid (HLI ) and 5‐hydroxy‐4‐octanone oxime (HBI ), which were the corresponding short‐chain analogs of the active synergistic mixture of Versatic10 (HL) and Lix63 (5,8‐diethyl‐7‐hydroxy‐6‐dodecanoneoxime, HB), was prepared and studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The crystal structure of the nickel(II) synergist complex showed that the composition of the complex was Ni(LI )2(HBI )2 with a cis‐form octahedron geometry structure. Both intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonding were observed in the crystal lattice. Compared with the free ligands, similar band shifts of Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra assigned to the stretching vibration of carbon–oxygen single bond (CO), the stretching vibration of carbon–nitrogen double bond (CN), and the disappearance of the scissoring vibration of α‐hydroxy (OH) were correspondingly found in both the nickel(II) synergist complex and the extracted nickel(II) complex in the nonpolar organic phase. Combined with the results from ESI‐MS, XRD, and slope analysis, it was concluded that the major species of the extracted nickel(II) complex in the nonpolar organic phase might possess a similar coordination structure [Ni(HB)2(L)2] as the nickel(II) synergist complex, along with the neutral complex [Ni(HB)(B)2].

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Nickel(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

Zhu

et al. 2017

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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“…Therefore, it is of great importance to develop a synergistic solvent extraction system to separate cobalt efficiently from manganese, magnesium, and calcium. Accordingly, a multitude of synergistic mixtures containing α‐hydroxyoxime and carboxylic acid have been developed for the separation of metals . For example, Flett and West et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the greatest obstacle for these synergistic mixtures to be applied extensively in industry was the slow extraction kinetics (about 3 h to reach extraction equilibrium) of nickel(II). Recently, Cheng and his colleagues studied the separation of cobalt and zinc from manganese, magnesium, and calcium in a sulfate solution by employing a synergistic mixture consisting of Versatic10 and Lix63. The direct extraction of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) from the organic phase was achieved while keeping the impurities in the raffinate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Cobalt(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

Zhu

et al. 2017

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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In the present work, the cobalt(II) synergist complex with isobutyric acid (HLI) and 5‐hydroxy‐4‐octanone oxime (HBI), which were the corresponding short‐chain analogs of active synergistic mixture of Versatic10 (HL) and Lix63 (5,8‐diethyl‐7‐hydroxy‐6‐dodecanoneoxime, HB), was prepared and studied by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of the cobalt(II) synergistic complex showed that the composition of the complex was Co(HBI)2(LI)2 with a cis‐form octahedron geometry structure. Both intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the uncoordinated carbonyl oxygen atom of the deprotonated monodentate anionic ligand LI and the hydrogen atom of the α‐hydroxy or the oxime hydroxyl group of HBI were observed in the crystal lattice. In order to bridge the gap between the solid‐state structure of the cobalt(II) synergist complex and the solution structure of the extracted cobalt(II) complex with the actual synergistic mixture containing Versatic10 and Lix63 in the nonpolar organic phase, both the cobalt(II) synergistic complex and the extracted cobalt(II) complex were further investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). The results indicated that the extracted cobalt(II) complex in the nonpolar organic phase might possess a similar coordination structure as that of the cobalt(II) synergist complex.

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Hydrometallurgical Nickel Laterite Processing: A Review of Current SX Flowsheets and Industry Trends

Fischmann¹,

Wiggett²,

Bednarski³

et al. 2013

Ni–Co 2013

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Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt: A Review of Recent Developments

Cited by 78 publications

References 37 publications

The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Nickel(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Nickel(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

The Coordination Structure of the Extracted Cobalt(II) Complex with a Synergistic Mixture Containing Lix63 and Versatic10

Hydrometallurgical Nickel Laterite Processing: A Review of Current SX Flowsheets and Industry Trends

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