Synergistic Skin Penetration Enhancer and Nanoemulsion Formulations Promote the Human Epidermal Permeation of Caffeine and Naproxen

Abd, Eman; Namjoshi, Sarika; Mohammed, Yousuf; Roberts, Michael S.; Grice, Jeffrey E.

doi:10.1002/jps.24699

Cited by 66 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Two nanoemulsion formulations (designated as NO and NE, respectively) containing OA and EU, each functioning both as an oil phase and a penetration enhancer, were characterised as previously described [21], and results are summarised in Table 2. The cumulative amounts and steady-state fluxes of caffeine penetrating full-thickness human skin with untreated, blocked, and open hair follicles from all formulations and control are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Nanoemulsions With Penetration Enhancers Enhanced Cumulativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Follicular casting followed tape stripping [21]. One drop of cyanoacrylate was placed on a microscope slide, and the slide was pressed onto the surface of the stripped skin with light pressure for 15 min.…”

Section: In Vitro Skin Penetration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compositions of emulsions and control solution are shown in Table 1. The droplet size distribution, refractive index, electrical conductivity, and viscosity of the emulsions were determined at ambient temperature as previously described [21].…”

Section: Emulsion Formulation Preparation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of receptor phase (200 µL) were removed at regular times over 24 h and replaced with fresh prewarmed phosphate-buffered saline. All samples were analysed by a previously described HPLC method [21].…”

Section: In Vitro Skin Penetration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems typically comprise oil, water, surfactant, and cosurfactant, and there is the potential to incorporate components that also act as penetration enhancers within the SC. We previously demonstrated enhanced skin permeation of caffeine and naproxen by the addition of permeation enhancer nanoemulsions [21]. We showed that increased caffeine flux was due to both formulation-derived SC solubility and diffusivity, while increased SC solubility was the dominant mechanism for enhanced naproxen permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular Penetration of Caffeine from Topically Applied Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Penetration Enhancers: In vitro Human Skin Studies

Abd

Benson

Roberts

et al. 2018

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: This study aimed to investigate transfollicular delivery enhancement of caffeine from nanoemulsion formulations incorporating oleic acid (OA) and eucalyptol (EU) as chemical penetration enhancers. Methods: Caffeine permeation was evaluated from nanoemulsions containing OA or EU and an aqueous control solution through excised human full-thickness skin with hair follicles opened, blocked, or left untreated. Differential tape stripping was performed, followed by cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsies to determine the amount of caffeine in the hair follicles, and skin extraction to determine the retention of caffeine in the skin. Results: Nanoemulsions significantly increased caffeine permeation through open and untreated skin over control (untreated: 36- and 42-fold for OA and EU, respectively; open: 40- and 49-fold). The follicular route contributed 53.7% of caffeine permeation for the OA nanoemulsion and 51% for EU when follicles were opened. Nanoemulsions promoted 4- and 3.4-fold increases in caffeine retention in open follicles, for OA and EU, respectively. Retention of caffeine in the stratum corneum and skin was almost equal in all cases. Conclusions: This study demonstrated effective delivery of caffeine as a hydrophilic model drug into and through hair follicles and showed that follicles and surrounding regions may be targeted by optimised formulations for specific treatments.

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Section: Nanoemulsions With Penetration Enhancers Enhanced Cumulativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Skin Penetration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emulsion Formulation Preparation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Skin Penetration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular Penetration of Caffeine from Topically Applied Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Penetration Enhancers: In vitro Human Skin Studies

Abd

Benson

Roberts

et al. 2018

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Structurally Stable Attractive Nanoscale Emulsions with Dipole–Dipole Interaction‐Driven Interdrop Percolation

Shin

Gong

Cuadrado

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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This study introduces an extremely stable attractive nanoscale emulsion fluid, in which the amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL), is tightly packed with lecithin, thereby forming a mechanically robust thin-film at the oil-water interface. The molecular association of PEO-b-PCL with lecithin is critical for formation of a tighter and denser molecular assembly at the interface, which is systematically confirmed by T relaxation and DSC analyses. Moreover, suspension rheology studies also reflect the interdroplet attractions over a wide volume fraction range of the dispersed oil phase; this results in a percolated network of stable drops that exhibit no signs of coalescence or phase separation. This unique rheological behavior is attributed to the dipolar interaction between the phosphorylcholine groups of lecithin and the methoxy end groups of PEO-b-PCL. Finally, the nanoemulsion system significantly enhances transdermal delivery efficiency due to its favorable attraction to the skin, as well as high diffusivity of the nanoscale emulsion drops.

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Nanoparticle platforms for dermal antiaging technologies: Insights in cellular and molecular mechanisms

Bhatia

Kumari

Sharma

et al. 2021

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Aging is a continuous process defined by a progressive functional decline in physiological parameters. Skin, being one of the most vulnerable organs, shows early signs of aging which are predominantly affected by intrinsic factors like hormone, gender, mood, enzymes, and genetic predisposition, and extrinsic factors like exposure to radiation, air pollution, and heat. Visible morphological and anatomical changes associated with skin aging occur due to underlying physiological aberrations governed by numerous complex interactions at cellular and subcellular levels. Nanoparticles are perceived as a powerful tool in the cosmeceutical industry both for augmenting the efficacy of existing agents and as a novel standalone therapy. Both organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated in antiaging applications. The use of nanoparticles helps to enhance the activity of antiaging molecules by selectively targeting cellular and molecular pathways. On the other hand, the nanoparticle platforms also gained increasing popularity as the skin protectant against extrinsic factors such as UV radiation and pollutants. This review comprehensively discusses skin aging and its mechanism by highlighting the impact on cellular, subcellular, and epigenetic elements. Importantly, the review elaborates on the examples of organic and inorganic nanoparticle-based formulations developed for antiaging application and provides mechanistic insights on how they modulate the mechanisms of skin aging. The clinical progress of nanoparticle antiaging technologies and factors that impact clinical translation are also explored.

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Synergistic Skin Penetration Enhancer and Nanoemulsion Formulations Promote the Human Epidermal Permeation of Caffeine and Naproxen

Cited by 66 publications

References 34 publications

Follicular Penetration of Caffeine from Topically Applied Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Penetration Enhancers: In vitro Human Skin Studies

Follicular Penetration of Caffeine from Topically Applied Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Penetration Enhancers: In vitro Human Skin Studies

Structurally Stable Attractive Nanoscale Emulsions with Dipole–Dipole Interaction‐Driven Interdrop Percolation

Nanoparticle platforms for dermal antiaging technologies: Insights in cellular and molecular mechanisms

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