Synergistic property of cordycepin in cultivated Cordyceps militaris-mediated apoptosis in human leukemia cells

Chou, Shang-Min; Lai, Wan-Jung; Hong, Tzu-Wen; Lai, Jui-Ya; Tsai, Sheng-Hong; Chen, Yen-Hsun; Yu, Sz Hsien; Kao, Cheng-Hsiang; Chu, Richard C.; Ding, Shih‐Torng; Li, Tsai-Kun; Shen, Tang‐Long

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.07.014

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The colonies were then collected, lyophilized, and pulverized by a homogenizer (SH100, KURABO International Co., Tokyo, Japan) at 1300 rpm. The preparation of Ophiocordyceps formosana extracts (OFE) was proceeded by the standard operating procedure as previously described [26, 27]. In brief, 1 gram of OF powder was mixed with deionized water at a ratio of 1:40 (w/v).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model

Huang

Hong²,

Wang

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundA newly defined Cordyceps species, Ophiocordyceps formosana (O. formosana) has been implicated in multitudinous bioactivities, including lowering glucose and cholesterol levels and modulating the immune system. However, few literatures demonstrate sufficient evidence to support these proposed functions. Although the use of Cordyceps spp. has been previously addressed to improve insulin insensitivity and improve the detrimental symptoms of depression; its mechanistic nature remains unsettled. Herein, we reveal the effects of O. formosana in ameliorating hyperglycemia accompanied with depression.MethodsDiabetes was induced in mice by employing streptozotocin(STZ), a chemical that is toxic to insulin-producing β cells of the pancreas. These streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice showed combined symptoms of hyperglycemia and depressive behaviors. Twenty-four STZ-induced mice were randomly divided into 3 groups subjected to oral gavage with 100 μL solution of either PBS or 25 mg/mL Ophiocordyceps formosana extract (OFE) or 2 mg/mL rosiglitazone (Rosi, positive control group). Treatments were administered once per day for 28 days. An additional 6 mice without STZ induction were treated with PBS to serve as the control group. Insulin sensitivity was measured by a glucose tolerance test and levels of adiponectin in plasma and adipose tissue were also quantified. Behavioral tests were conducted and levels of monoamines in various brain regions relating to depression were evaluated.ResultsHPLC analysis uncovered three major constituents, adenosine, D-mannitol and cordycepin, within O. formosana similar to other prestigious medicinal Cordyceps spp.. STZ-induced diabetic mice demonstrated decreased body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue, while these symptoms were recovered in mice receiving OFE treatment. Moreover, the OFE group displayed improved insulin sensitivity and elevated adiponectin within the plasma and adipose tissue. The anti-depressive effect of OFE was observed in various depression-related behavior tests. Concurrently, neurotransmitters, like 5-HT and dopamine in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus were found to be up-regulated in OFE-treated mice.ConclusionsOur findings illustrated, for the first time, the medicinal merits of O. formosana on Type I diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced depression. OFE were found to promote the expression of adiponectin, which is an adipokine involved in insulin sensitivity and hold anti-depressive effects. In addition, OFE administration also displayed altered levels of neurotransmitters in certain brain regions that may have contributed to its anti-depressive effect. Collectively, this current study provided insights to the potential therapeutic effects of O. formosana extracts in regards to hyperglycemia and its depressive complications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model

Huang

Hong²,

Wang

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…Cordyceps militaris is an important medicinal and edible species , and extensive research is being carried out on its cultivation using liquid or solid media ). The fruiting bodies or extracts from C. militaris are used as nutraceuticals to improve human immunity (De Silva et al 2013;Chou et al 2014). The fruiting body of C. militaris is, however, more valuable as it contains metabolites not present in the vegetative mycelium (Shrestha 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcarisporium cordycipiticola sp. nov., an important fungal pathogen of Cordyceps militaris

et al. 2016

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Production of the medicinal and edible fungus Cordyceps militaris has dramatically increased in China because of its alleged medicinal properties. During industrial production, a fungal parasite was found to infect the fruiting bodies causing significant quality and yield losses. Two isolates were obtained from fruiting bodies of C. militaris in Beijing and Shanghai mushroom farms and were characterized by morphological and phylogenetic analyses of SSU and ITS sequence data. The phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong to the genus Calcarisporium and are related to the type species, C. arbuscula with 91% ITS sequence similarity. We introduce this taxon as Calcarisporium cordycipiticola sp. nov., and compare it morphologically with other taxa in the genus. The interaction between this taxon, its host, and methods to control this fungicolous taxon need further studies.

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“…The structures of adenosine and cordycepin, and their deamination metabolites inosine and 3′‐deoxyinosine, respectively, which are formed by the action of ADA, are presented in Figure . Cordycepin exhibits many pharmacological effects including immunomodulatory, anti‐cancer, anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐microbial activities (Chou et al, ; Nakamura, Shinozuka, & Yoshikawa, ; Teng, Chang, Lee, & Hung, ; Tuli, Sandhu, & Sharma, a; Tuli, Sharma, Sandhu, & Kashyap, b). However, because of its shorter half‐life in the presence of ADA, the pharmacological activity of cordycepin is significantly limited (Wu et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid assay to screen adenosine deaminase inhibitors from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus against metabolism of cordycepin utilizing ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Guan

Liu

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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Cordycepin has recently received increased attention owing to its extensive pharmacological activity. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is widely distributed in mammalian blood and tissues; as a result, cordycepin is quickly metabolized upon entering into the body and converted into the inactive metabolite 3′‐deoxyinosine, thus limiting its activity when administered alone. We herein present a novel ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for screening ADA inhibitors against the metabolism of cordycepin. Cordycepin and 3′‐deoxyinosine were chosen as substrate and product, respectively. A proper separation was achieved for all analytes within 3 min. 3′‐Deoxyinosine was quantified in the presence or absence of potential ADA inhibitors to evaluate ADA activity. The assay can simultaneously determine substrate and product, with the endogenous substance and ADA inhibitors added not interfering in its activity. After optimizing the enzymatic incubation and UHPLC–MS/MS conditions, Km and Vmax values for ADA deamination of cordycepin were 95.18 ± 7.85 μm and 363.90 ± 12.16 μmol/min/unit, respectively. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus were chosen as ADA inhibitors with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 21.82 ± 0.39 and 18.41 ± 0.14 μm, respectively. A non‐competitive inhibition model was constructed and this assay can be used to screen other potential ADA inhibitors quickly and accurately.

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Synergistic property of cordycepin in cultivated Cordyceps militaris-mediated apoptosis in human leukemia cells

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model

Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model

Calcarisporium cordycipiticola sp. nov., an important fungal pathogen of Cordyceps militaris

A rapid assay to screen adenosine deaminase inhibitors from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus against metabolism of cordycepin utilizing ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

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