Synergistic effects between iron-graphene and melamine salt of pentaerythritol phosphate on flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane

Self Cite

At present, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is widely used, but there are still many defects in fire safety, such as burning with heavy smoke and dripping. In this article, OS@MP was synthesized by modifying oyster shell (OS) powder with melamine polyphosphate (MP) and then served as fire‐safe agent for TPU. The fire performance of TPU composites were investigated using microscale combustion colorimeter (MCC), cone calorimeter test (CCT), smoke density test (SDT), and thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier transform infrared (TG‐FTIR) spectrum analysis. The MCC and CCT results revealed that OS@MP could reduce the fire hazards of TPU composites. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) of the sample with 10.0 wt% OS@MP decreased to 170.86 kW/m2 from 1772.37 kW/m2 for pure TPU. And, the SDT results showed that OS@MP could significantly reduce the smoke production of TPU composites. The TG‐FTIR also confirmed that the noncombustible gases (including CO2, ammonia, and water vapor) produced by OS@MP have played a reinforcing role in TPU composites as well as a char formed on the surface of composites, which could act as a barrier to prevent the heat and air, reinforce the fire safety of TPU.

“…It has been claimed that the HRR from CCT is the most important parameter to estimate the hazard of polymer in fire situation . The HRR curves of TPU composites are shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been claimed that the HRR from CCT is the most important parameter to estimate the hazard of polymer in fire situation. 16 The HRR curves of TPU composites are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen The carbon layer on the surface of the polymer plays an important role in the combustion process.…”

Section: Hrr From Cctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire‐safe agent integrated with oyster shell and melamine polyphosphate for thermoplastic polyurethane

Chen

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

Self Cite

“…However, there is very little research on the use of CCB as a conductive filler in electrothermal film fields, mainly because the electrical conductivity of CCB itself is low. Moreover, Graphene, CNT and CCB also have excellent performance in terms of flame retardancy . In recent years, metallic nanowires (NW) and especially silver nanowires (AgNW) have attracted great attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid electrothermal response and excellent flame retardancy of ethylene‐vinyl acetate electrothermal film

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2020

In this study, high electrical conductivity and flame retardant electrothermal ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) films were fabricated by using carbon nanotubeswrapped ammonium polyphosphate (CAPP) and conductive carbon black (CCB).CAPP was used as a synergistic conductive filler and flame retardant to improve the electrical conductivity and fire safety of the electrothermal film at the same time. Besides, the heat release rate (HRR) and the total heat release (THR) of EVA-5 decreased about 81.5% and 57.3% compared with those of pure EVA film, respectively. Moreover, by incorporating a small amount of CAPP, EVA-5 can reach up to V-0 rating with an limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 31%. EVA film fabricated by CCB and CAPP as conductive material exhibited almost 10 times increment on electrical conductivity than that of same content for CCB alone.And time vs temperature profiles of EVA-5 showed a stable trend over 3600 seconds without any offset at a given applied voltage of 15 V. Moreover, its excellent cycle heating performance indicated that the electrothermal film can be recycled, which meets the requirements of sustainable development. In a word, this novel strategy provides a simple and effective way to obtain a high conductive and fire safety electrothermal film. K E Y W O R D S ammonium polyphosphate, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, electrothermal film, flame retardant

“…Some traditional flame retardants like Mg(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3, Sb 2 O 3 , and phosphorus‐containing compounds are widely used, while some new flame retardants such as graphene, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), carbon nanotubes, α‐zirconium phosphate (α‐ZrP), and MoS 2 gradually attract greater attention . Among these, graphene is a new kind of 2‐dimensional material consisting of sp2‐bonded carbon sheets, and its use extends to various fields owing to its large specific surface area, outstanding mechanical properties, excellent thermal and chemical performance, and so on . Some researchers have found that the incorporation of graphene could enhance the flame retardancy of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] Among these, graphene is a new kind of 2-dimensional material consisting of sp2-bonded carbon sheets, and its use extends to various fields owing to its large specific surface area, outstanding mechanical properties, excellent thermal and chemical performance, and so on. 15, 16 Some researchers have found that the incorporation of graphene could enhance the flame retardancy of composites. This is mainly attributed to the physical barrier effect of graphene sheets that can effectively slow down the release of flammable gases, oxygen, or other gases during the combustion process of polymers, thereby preventing the further combustion of the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel graphene hybrid for reducing fire hazard of epoxy resin

Wang

et al. 2017

Epoxy resin (EP) is more and more important in many fields, but its application is limited due to the inflammability in air of EP. Therefore, reducing the fire hazard of EP is necessary. In this work, a kind of hybrid flame retardant (α‐ZrP‐RGO) consisting of a 2‐dimensional inorganic reduced graphene oxide (RGO) modified with a planar‐like α‐zirconium phosphate (α‐ZrP) particles was prepared successfully via 1‐step hydrothermal method. The effects of α‐ZrP‐RGO on the thermal performance, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression of EP were investigated by preparing EP composites containing both EP and α‐ZrP‐RGO. Thermogravimetric results revealed that α‐ZrP‐RGO could improve the char yield of EP at 700°C obviously. In addition, compared with pure EP, the peak heat release rate and the total heat release of EP composites were decreased significantly, while the limited oxygen index of EP composites was increased. Meanwhile, the smoke production rate of EP composites was reduced obviously with the addition of α‐ZrP‐RGO. The enhanced flame retardancy and smoke suppression of EP composites were mainly attributed to not only the physical barrier effect of both α‐ZrP and RGO but also the catalytic effect of α‐ZrP during the combustion process of EP composites.