Synergistic Effect of O3 and H2O2 on the Visible Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenolic Compounds Using TiO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite

Al-Kandari, H.; Abdullah, Aboubakr M.; Al-Kandari, S.; Aoudia, Mohamed

doi:10.1166/sam.2017.3025

Cited by 14 publications

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“…Further experiments focused on changing the applied pressure during the filtration process of 5 mL of different solutions of rhodamine B and phenol red at different concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 ppm, using a membrane filter (Figure 4a,b). It is worth mentioning that the choice of the concentrations (20 and 10 ppm) was based on the concentrations reported in the literature [7,17,[19][20][21]. A high vacuum (i.e., low pressure and high suction power) enhanced the removal of the dyes in all cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many techniques, such as chemical, electrochemical, physical, photoelectrochemical, and photocatalytic methods, can be used to deal with such types of compounds. The current approach is to use an advanced oxidation process in which a photocatalyst is used along with a green oxidizing agent such as ozone or hydrogen peroxide [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Filtration can be achieved using different types of cellulose filter papers and microporous membranes [1,9,[13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among the commonly used membranes are nylon membranes [7,17,[19][20][21] which will be used in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward an Accurate Spectrophotometric Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Photocatalysts in Processes Involving Their Separation Using Nylon Membranes

et al. 2018

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Many works include the use of nylon membranes to separate the solid particles of photocatalysts from the photocatalytic reactors, before using spectrophotometers to evaluate the catalysts' performance in the photocatalytic degradation of many pollutants. This might lead to significant errors due to the adsorption of some pollutants within the structure of the membranes during the filtration process used to separate the solid particles of the photocatalysts to get a clear filtrate. This, consequently, leads to incorrect calculations, which in turn are translated into false high photocatalytic efficiencies of the used catalysts. In this work, the authors study the interaction between nylon membrane filters and five different model compounds-phenol red, methylene blue, rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, and phenol. The study reveals a significant interaction between the nylon membranes and both rhodamine B and phenol red.During the investigation of the fluorescence signal in the photodegradation of polymers and pollutant degradation, we serendipitously discovered that a simple model compound, such as phenol red and rhodamine B, is removed efficiently through filtration using the commonly used Whatman nylon filter membranes purchased from Sigma Aldrich. This type of filter membrane, with a 0.2 µm pore size, 47 mm diameter, and 0.5 mm thickness, is proposed to be used after the photodegradation process to remove the submicron photocatalysts and obtain the filtrate for spectrophotometric analysis. This observation made us curious and, thus, we decided to investigate more in depth the removal efficiency of these nylon membranes and the removal mechanism beyond this observation. We chose several probes with different chemical characteristics, such as rhodamine B, phenol, rhodamine 6G, phenol red, and methylene blue. Our results indicate that the nature of the chemical structure is responsible for the removal through a chemical mechanism, involving a negatively charged molecule interacting with a positive charge from the terminal part of a polymer backbone in polyamide-based filters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward an Accurate Spectrophotometric Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Photocatalysts in Processes Involving Their Separation Using Nylon Membranes

et al. 2018

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“…A 4 ppm quantity of electrochemically generated ozone gas was used for each photocatalytic run. The photocatalysis system that included an O 3 generating unit (electrochemical cell plus a potentiostat), an ozone meter, a UV lamp chiller and the photocatalytic reactor is shown elsewhere 38 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient eco advanced oxidation process for phenol mineralization using a 2D/3D nanocomposite photocatalyst and visible light irradiations

Al-Kandari

Abdullah

Ahmad

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Nanocomposites (CNTi) with different mass ratios of carbon nitride (C3N4) and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared hydrothermally. Different characterization techniques were used including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). UV-Vis DRS demonstrated that the CNTi nanocomposites exhibited absorption in the visible light range. A sun light - simulated photoexcitation source was used to study the kinetics of phenol degradation and its intermediates in presence of the as-prepared nanocomposite photocatalysts. These results were compared with studies when TiO2 nanoparticles were used in the presence and absence of H2O2 and/or O3. The photodegradation of phenol was evaluated spectrophotometrically and using the total organic carbon (TOC) measurements. It was observed that the photocatalytic activity of the CNTi nanocomposites was significantly higher than that of TiO2 nanoparticles. Additionally, spectrophotometry and TOC analyses confirmed that degraded phenol was completely mineralized to CO2 and H2O with the use of CNTi nanocomposites, which was not the case for TiO2 where several intermediates were formed. Furthermore, when H2O2 and O3 were simultaneously present, the 0.1% g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposite showed the highest phenol degradation rate and the degradation percentage was greater than 91.4% within 30 min.

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“…Besides its promising chemical and biological stability, TiO 2 is also an accessible and tailorable semiconductor photocatalyst [3,13,14,15,16]. Nevertheless, having a high electron-hole recombination rate and wide bandgap energy, TiO 2 cannot be excited under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm) [17,18]. To gain insight into this specific issue, intensive research work has been directed towards the development of visible light-responsive TiO 2 with high catalytic activity using co-catalysts such as carbon nitride or reduced graphene oxide (RGO) because of their exceptional electrical properties and controllable structures [17,19,20,21,22,23,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Assessment of Thermally- and Hydrogen-Reduced Graphene Oxide/TiO2 Photocatalytic Nanocomposites Using the Zebrafish Embryo Model

et al. 2019

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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently attracted great interest in water pollution management. Using the zebrafish embryo model, we investigated the environmental impacts of two thermally (RGOTi)- and hydrogen (H2RGOTi)-reduced graphene oxide/TiO2 semiconductor photocatalysts recently employed in AOPs. For this purpose, acutoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurobehavioral toxicity, hematopoietic toxicity, and hatching rate were determinate. For the RGOTi, the no observed effect concentration (NOEC, mortality/teratogenicity score <20%) and the median lethal concentration (LC50) were <400 and 748.6 mg/L, respectively. H2RGOTi showed a NOEC similar to RGOTi. However, no significant mortality was detected at all concentrations used in the acutoxicity assay (up to1000 mg/L), thus indicating a hypothetical LC50 higher than 1000 mg/L. According to the Fish and Wildlife Service Acute Toxicity Rating Scale, RGOTi can be classified as “practically not toxic” and H2RGOTi as “relatively harmless”. However, both nanocomposites should be used with caution at concentration higher than the NOEC (400 mg/L), in particular RGOTi, which significantly (i) caused pericardial and yolk sac edema; (ii) decreased the hatching rate, locomotion, and hematopoietic activities; and (iii) affected the heart rate. Indeed, the aforementioned teratogenic phenotypes were less devastating in H2RGOTi-treated embryos, suggesting that the hydrogen-reduced graphene oxide/TiO2 photocatalysts may be more ecofriendly than the thermally-reduced ones.

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Synergistic Effect of O₃ and H₂O₂ on the Visible Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenolic Compounds Using TiO₂/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Toward an Accurate Spectrophotometric Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Photocatalysts in Processes Involving Their Separation Using Nylon Membranes

Toward an Accurate Spectrophotometric Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Photocatalysts in Processes Involving Their Separation Using Nylon Membranes

An efficient eco advanced oxidation process for phenol mineralization using a 2D/3D nanocomposite photocatalyst and visible light irradiations

Ecotoxicological Assessment of Thermally- and Hydrogen-Reduced Graphene Oxide/TiO2 Photocatalytic Nanocomposites Using the Zebrafish Embryo Model

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