Synergistic Effect Between Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) and Radiation on Clonogenic Cell Death Independent of p53 in Prostate Cancer Cells

Nayak, B. K.; Krishnegowda, Naveen K.; Galindo, Cynthia; Meltz, Martin L.; Swanson, Gregory P.

doi:10.4172/1948-5956.1000046

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Previous reports showed variable expression of p53 and/or mp53 in PC‐3 cells and mp53 upregulated 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 in murine and human PCA . In our study, we detected mp53 mRNA and protein expression in PC‐3 cells . Although the detailed functionality of mp53 protein in PC‐3 is unknown, the upregulation of mp53 by the XRT/RSV correlated with an antiproliferative effect on PC‐3 cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Our data indicated that XRT/RSV disrupted the pro-proliferative mechanism and induced antiproliferative regulatory molecules in PC-3 to inhibit cell proliferation in treated cells. Previous reports showed variable expression of p53 and/or mp53 in PC-3 cells (40)(41)(42)(43)(44) and mp53 upregulated 15-lipoxygenase-1 in murine and human PCA. (43,45) In our study, we detected mp53 mRNA and protein expression in PC-3 cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Resveratrol enhances radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell senescence and apoptosis

2012

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Radiation therapy (XRT) for treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCA) has outcomes similar to surgery and medical therapy. Toxicities of XRT and the relative radioresistance of PCA limit the effectiveness of this treatment method. Safe and effective radiosensitizing agents are lacking to enhance the effectiveness for XRT for PCA. In this study, the effect of XRT in combination with the radiosensitizing agent resveratrol (RSV) was investigated in a radioresistant PCA cell line, PC-3. Our results show the addition of RSV to XRT (XRT/RSV) synergistically enhanced XRT-induced apoptosis and inhibition of PC-3 proliferation. The antiproliferative effect of XRT/RSV treatment correlated with increased expression of p15, p21, and mutant p53 and decreased expression of cyclin B, cyclin D, and cdk2. Increased apoptosis correlated with increased expression of Fas and TRAILR1. Furthermore, XRT/ RSV had little effect on the expression of p-AKT, whereas it increased the expression level of p-H2A.X, a marker for senescence. These data highlight the potential of RSV as a radiation sensitizer for PCA treatment and warrant further investigation. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 1090-1098 P rostate cancer (PCA) is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in elderly men in the USA.(1) Approximately 240 890 new cases of PCA and 33 720 deaths were projected to occur in the USA in 2011.(1) In addition to surgery, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy, radiation therapy (XRT) is an established therapeutic method for PCA treatment. Radiation therapy is used to treat localized PCA to decrease tumor burden and ameliorate tumor-related symptoms. The efficacy of XRT largely depends on the radiosensitivity of the tumor. Unfortunately, PCA is among the more radioresistant malignant tumors.(2) The high radiation dose associated with XRT for PCA may have severe side-effects, such as impotence, urinary dysfunction, and rectal symptoms; low dose XRT has little effect on PCA. A safe and effective radiosensitising agent is needed to allow a decrease in the radiation dose and side-effects associated with XRT for PCA.Resveratrol (trans-3,4′,5-trihydroxystilbene, RSV) is a polyphenolic compound that occurs naturally in grapes (such as in red wine) and peanuts, as well as in other plant species such as Polygonum cuspidatum and Yucca schidigera.(3-9) The biological function of RSV is very complex. Multiple studies have shown neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor functions. In recent years, RSV has been recognized as a promising anticancer agent.(3) Its antitumor functions have been investigated in breast cancer, thyroid cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, HL-60 leukemia, colon cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and PCA cell lines. (10,11) Incubation of the PCA cell line, DU145, with RSV resulted in decreased growth (12) and increased apoptosis of cancer cells.Several studies implicate RSV as a chemotherapy sensitizer, thus, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the combination of RSV w...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Resveratrol enhances radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell senescence and apoptosis

2012

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“…Tumor-specific humoral immune responses directed against oncoproteins, mutated proteins such as p53 [69]. In many cancers humoral immune responses are induced by MUC 1.…”

Section: Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno Defense Mechanism against Tumors

P¹,

Siddiqui²,

A³

2011

J Cancer Sci Ther

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The hypothesis of immune responses is predicted on theory of immune system that is capable of eliminating foreign antigens including tumor specific antigens in the process, immunosurveillance. To defense against tumors immune system activates cell mediated and humoral immune responses, cell mediated immune system protects the body from itself by controlling cancerous cells, this includes activation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Natural Killer cells, Macrophages, Dendritic Cells, Lymphokines, etc., where as humoral immune system recognizes foreign particles. These cells play important role in defending as well as in diagnostic processes. Here I discussed about the cell mediated and humoral mediated immuno mechanisms involved in the defense mechanism against tumors.

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“…Cell cycle and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell viability and colony formation was examined using MTT assay and clonogenic assay respectively [48] the p53 mutations observed in tumors represent the expression of such instability by allowing the accumulation of genetic alterations caused by multiple mechanisms [49].…”

Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%