Synergistic carbon metabolism in a fast growing mixotrophic freshwater microalgal species Micractinium inermum

Smith, Richard T.; Bangert, Krys; Wilkinson, Stephen J.; Gilmour, D. James

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.023

Cited by 110 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…That Ф PSII was inhibited (as also reported by Cabrerizo et al 2018) and specific-PP stimulated by temperature was due probably to a change in coupling between electron transfer and C fixation (Moore et al 2003, Wagner et al 2006, Carrillo et al 2015. The stimulation of both types of metabolism in I. galbana appears to be related to (Halac et al 2014) and R (Smith et al 2015). However, temperature as a single factor exerted a negative effect on specific-PP of Chromulina sp., in agreement with the results reported by Princiotta et al (2016) for the chrysophyte Dinobryon sociale and by Sutton (1972) for Chromulina chionophila.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

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Mixotrophic trade‐off under warming and UVR in a marine and a freshwater alga

González-Olalla

Medina‐Sánchez

Carrillo

2019

Journal of Phycology

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Mixotrophic protists combine phagotrophy and phototrophy within a single cell. Greater phagotrophic activity could reinforce the bypass of carbon (C) flux through the bacteria‐mixotroph link and thus lead to a more efficient transfer of C and other nutrients to the top of the trophic web. Determining how foreseeable changes in temperature and UVR affect mixotrophic trade‐offs in favor of one or the other nutritional strategy, along the mixotrophic gradient, is key to understanding the fate of carbon and mineral nutrients in the aquatic ecosystem. Our two main hypotheses were: (i) that increased warming and UVR will divert metabolism toward phagotrophy, and (ii) that the magnitude of this shift will vary according to the organism's position along the mixotrophic gradient. To test these hypotheses, we used two protists (Isochrysis galbana and Chromulina sp.) located in different positions on the mixotrophic gradient, subjecting them to the action of temperature and of UVR and their interaction. Our results showed that the joint action of these two factors increased the primary production:bacterivory ratio and stoichiometric values (N:P ratio) close to Redfield's ratio. Therefore, temperature and UVR shifted the metabolism of both organisms toward greater phototrophy regardless of the original position of the organism on the mixotrophic gradient. Weaker phagotrophic activity could cause a less efficient transfer of C to the top of trophic webs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…) and R (Smith et al. ). However, temperature as a single factor exerted a negative effect on specific‐PP of Chromulina sp., in agreement with the results reported by Princiotta et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixotrophic trade‐off under warming and UVR in a marine and a freshwater alga

González-Olalla

Medina‐Sánchez

Carrillo

2019

Journal of Phycology

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“…The lipid production of P. tricornutum was only different, and significantly higher, in red light autotrophic (R) or mixotrophic supplemented with glycine (R2) conditions ( Figure 1B). The latter was expected, as studies have reported an increase in biomass and lipids by multi-fold under mixotrophic conditions in different species [27,28]. Furthermore, many studies have shown a positive trend of red light with an increase in the specific growth rate and lipid production in Chlorella, Botryococcus, and Nannochloropsis [7,26,29].…”

Section: Effect Of Light Colors On Biomass and Lipid Yield In Mixotromentioning

confidence: 74%

Red Light Variation an Effective Alternative to Regulate Biomass and Lipid Profiles in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

et al. 2020

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Marine water diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a photosynthetic organism that is known to respond to the changing light environment and adapt to different temperatures to prevent photoinhibition and maintain its metabolic functions. The objective of the present study was to test whether light shift variations in different growth phases impact the growth and lipid metabolism of P. tricornutum. Thus, we investigated R exposure in different growth phases to find the most effective light shift condition. The results showed that substituting white light (W) by red light (R) under autotrophic conditions, a condition called red shift (RS), increased biomass and lipid content compared to levels found under continuous W or R exposure alone. We observed an increase by 2-fold biomass and 2.3-fold lipid content in RS as compared to W. No significant change was observed in the morphology of lipid droplets, but the fatty acid (FA) composition was altered. Specifically, polyunsaturated FAs were increased, whereas monounsaturated FAs decreased in P. tricornutum grown in RS compared to W control. Therefore, we propose that a light shift during the beginning of the stationary phase is a low-cost cultivation strategy to boost the total biomass and lipids in P. tricornutum.Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 2531 2 of 18 for the high production of desired bioactive molecules. Therefore, light should be provided with specific spectral components, intensity, and duration. Multiple ecophysiological studies have been published reporting on the distinct behaviors of different diatoms and algae in response to variations in light [4,5]. It has been shown that light quality has an impact on chloroplast migration and on the light acclimation reactions of photosynthesis [6,7]. Red light has been linked to stimulating growth, ethylene production [8], lipid accumulation [7], and increasing thylakoid stacking [6]. have suggested the involvement of phytochromes in increasing the intracellular nitrate content on exposure to red light for short periods altering the overall cellular nitrate content. Recent discoveries in genomics have revealed exciting information on phytochromes, blue-light sensing cryptochromes, and aureochromes [10]. In a study by Jungandreas et al. [11], it has been reported that P. tricornutum cells acclimated to both red and blue light have comparable metabolite profiles, but drastic changes in metabolites and carbon partitioning was observed under red to blue light shift. In addition, various interdisciplinary studies have shown that light perceived by the red-light receptor (phytochromes) can regulate nutrient metabolism, cellular events, and signaling cascades [12]. These discoveries are still in progress and much remains unknown, but these studies can be explored for application-based diatom experiments such as developing low-cost cultivation technology or efficient bioreactors.In both culture medium and natural water bodies, light (intensity, distribution, photoperiod) may vary and will not behave similar to the dissolved salts or nu...

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“…The activity of both photosynthesis and respiration decreases with ageing of the microalgae culture (Emerson and Lewis, 1939;Sargent, 1940;Pratt, 1943;Kulandaivelu and Senger, 1976;Fan et al, 2014). Maximum photosynthetic activity usually occurs in the first half or middle of the exponential growth phase (Winokur, 1949;Samuelsson and Oquist, 1977;Orus et al, 1991;Yang et al, 2000;Smith et al, 2015). Our previous studies showed that under autotrophic conditions, respiration and photosynthesis intensity slow down in the middle of the C. reinhardtii culture EG (Puzanskiy et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Due to the elevation of cell density and intensive microalgae metabolism, the content of C i and O 2 in the media varies. Under autotrophic conditions, the oxygen content generally increases, and the C i content decreases (Kim et al, 2013;Smith et al, 2015). Frequently, the growth of the microalgae population in culture is also accompanied by pH alteration in the media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated alterations in gene expression and metabolomic profiles of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during batch autotrophic culturing

Puzanskiy¹,

Romanyuk²,

Шишова³

2018

BioComm

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was grown under autotrophic batch culturing, which is known to be a widely applicable method for both fundamental research and applied purposes. This type of cultivation results in elevation of cell density and fast exhaustion of nutrient resources. We expected the revealed metabolic adaptation to be triggered at the transcriptional level. This investigation focuses on analyzing expression of the genes encoding enzymes involved in primary metabolism and plastid transporters during the exponential phase of C. reinhardtii autotrophic batch culture. About two-thirds of the tested genes demonstrated differential expression during algae growth. Patterns of expression were clustered into 5 groups. Most of the genes were gathered in two large clusters, characterized by peaks of expression at early or later exponential growth (EG). Genes which showed maximal expression in early EG were OMT1, HXK1, AMYB1, ACK1,2, CHLRE-DRAFT_123419, APE2, PCK1, CHLREDRAFT_195672, CIS2, TPT2 and ACLA1. Among the genes with maximal expression in later EG were SBE3, TPIC, CHLREDRAFT_137300, CHLREDRAFT_111372, PPT1 and CHLREDRAFT_122970. There were no genes detected with maximal expression at the cessation of proliferation. PCA showed that the expression profiles in the beginning EG were similar, and profiles changed drastically in the middle of exponential growth. PLS-DA revealed the difference between the beginning of EG and later periods linked to PC1 (44%), between late EG and early stationary linked to PC2 (23%) and finally between two points at the beginning of growth linked to PC3 (10%). Mapping of genes and metabolites according to their correlation revealed a graph with two clusters. The first, smaller cluster contains genes that encode plastid exporters, enzymes of starch and carbohydrates metabolism. The expression level of these genes peaked later in EG. These genes are mainly associated with metabolites such as carbohydrates, acylglycerols and fatty acids metabolism. The second cluster is larger and more diverse. It combines genes with maximum expression in the beginning of EG. The core of this cluster is formed by genes encoding enzymes of fatty acids synthesis, energy and plastic pathways, and plastid transporters. This cluster included the majority of amino acids, carboxylic acids and many fatty acids.

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Synergistic carbon metabolism in a fast growing mixotrophic freshwater microalgal species Micractinium inermum

Cited by 110 publications

References 35 publications

Mixotrophic trade‐off under warming and UVR in a marine and a freshwater alga

Mixotrophic trade‐off under warming and UVR in a marine and a freshwater alga

Red Light Variation an Effective Alternative to Regulate Biomass and Lipid Profiles in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Coordinated alterations in gene expression and metabolomic profiles of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during batch autotrophic culturing

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