Synergist efficacy of piperonyl butoxide with deltamethrin as pyrethroid insecticide on Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) and other mosquitoe species

Abstract

Continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides, especially in tropical countries for public health or agriculture purpose, has led many vector populations to become resistant to organochlorides, organophosphates, and even to carbamates and pyrethroids. Development of resistance by a vector population has been one of the reasons for the failure of the control measures in many countries. This investigation demonstrates the efficacy of piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) with deltamethrin, as pyrethroid insecticide, against the field-collected mosquitoe larvae of five species, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles culicifacies, An. stephensi, An. vagus, and Culex quinqufasciatus, and two morphological variants of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (type A from grand pools of Mysore city and type B from rice fields of Mandya district). For testing the synergistic effect of PBO, stock solutions of deltamethrin and PBO were mixed in 1:6 ratio. The synergistic ratio and the percent suppression in deltamethrin tolerance were calculated by using LC 50 values. From the results, it is clear that, PBO is an effective synergist with deltamethrin against all of species undertaken in this investigation. So, it is suggested that PBO is a good synergist in this area for decreasing the use of pesticides in environment in vector control. #

Comparison of several extraction procedures for the determination of biopesticides in soil samples by ultrahigh pressure LC‐MS/MS

“…Sabadilla is a powder made by seeds of Schoenocaulon officinale , and its activity has been attributed to the alkaloids sabadine, cevadine, and veratridine []. Finally, piperonyl‐butoxide is commonly used as synergist compound when it is mixed with some biopesticides (e.g., pyrethrins) to increase toxicity and produce longer residual action [], although in general it is not certified to be used on organic crops.…”

The effect of a piperonyl butoxide/tau‐fluvalinate mixture on pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus) and honey bees (Apis mellifera)

“…It has been extensively documented that PBO can enhance the effects of insecticidal action, both in the laboratory and in the field 23–31. This report demonstrates that such enhancement can be found in the field against pollen beetle on rape, using tau‐fluvalinate.…”

Insecticide susceptibility status in three medically important species of mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus, from Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Karnataka, India

“…Accordingly, a diagnostic dose has been identified that can be recommended for each of the insecticides for the mosquito control programme in the BBMP region (Table ). However, deltamethrin and lambda‐cyhalothrin, recommended by WHO as adulticides, are known to have a very high larvicidal activity against various species of mosquito as well, and hence have been used for the given study.…”

“…Exposure of mosquito larvae to deltamethrin and lambda‐cyhalothrin is inevitable, as they are being used continuously against agricultural pests. Although these two insecticides are recommended by WHO as adulticides for use in vector control programmes, they do posses a very high larvicidal activity against various species of mosquito as well . Against this background, effective discriminating doses are also presented for deltamethrin and lambda‐cyhalothrin for mosquito larval control within BBMP.…”