Synergic catalytic ozonation and electroflocculation process for the treatment of veterinary pharmaceutical wastewater in a hybrid reactor

Catalytic ozonation for the removal of reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye using zeolites modified with CuMn2O4/gC3N4 in a synergic electro flocculation-catalytic ozonation process

“…Hydroxyl radicals will react with pollutants and convert into less toxic compounds efficiently (Ikhlaq et al 2020). The results presented in Figure 8 clearly indicate that hydroxyl radicals may involve in the synergic process leading to the decolorization of dyes (Ikhlaq et al 2020). In addition, the direct ozone attack on the adsorbed pollutants on the catalyst surface may also contribute as indicated in some previous findings (Ikhlaq et al 2020).…”

“…Since hydroxyl radical is a stronger oxidant and has more electron affinity; the removal efficiency increases significantly. Hydroxyl radicals will react with pollutants and convert into less toxic compounds efficiently (Ikhlaq et al 2020). The results presented in Figure 8 clearly indicate that hydroxyl radicals may involve in the synergic process leading to the decolorization of dyes (Ikhlaq et al 2020).…”

“…The results (Figure 5(a)) show that for ozone value 0.75 mg/min, 1 mg/min and 1.25 mg/min the achieved RE was 77.69%, 85.47% and 90.55% respectively. The increase in ozone dose accelerates the radical-based reactions taking place on the catalyst surface which significantly increases the RB5 removal (Ikhlaq et al 2020).…”

“…There is no significant difference at 5 and 10 volts but at 15 V there was a considerable deviation from the expected trend. The increase in voltage causes a fast dissolution of electrodes to produce ions in the solution giving more metal hydroxide flocs which readily neutralizes the RB5 molecules (Ikhlaq et al 2020). However, the decline in efficiency at 15 V may be due to the dissipation of electric energy into heat energy in the solution.…”

“…This study is the continuation of the author's previous study implying synergic process (Electroflocculation-catalytic ozonation) on various kinds of wastewaters. In a previous finding author successfully studied the treatment of pharmaceutical polluted wastewater by the synergic process (Ikhlaq et al 2020). In the current investigation, CuMn 2 O 4 -gC 3 N 4 coated zeolite A was used for the first time to study the decolorization of RB-5.…”