Synchrotron radiation studies of inorganic–organic semiconductor interfaces

Evans, D. A.; Steiner, Hubert; Vearey-Roberts, A. R.; Bushell, A.; Cabailh, Gregory; O’Brien, S; Wells, Justin W.; McGovern, I.T.; Dhanak, Vin; Kampen, Thorsten U.; Zahn, Dietrich R. T.; Batchelor, David

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(02)01595-1

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Higher tiltangles for phthalocyanines on single crystals were in particular found, if the molecule-substrate interaction is weak, e.g. for van der Waals solids or passivated III-V semiconductor surfaces [12,43]. In several thin film systems, it was demonstrated that CuPc possesses a high tendency for self organization, including systems with relatively ill defined substrate surfaces.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and electronic properties of phthalocyanines on polycrystalline substrates

Peisert

Biswas

Knupfer

et al. 2009

Physica Status Solidi (b)

115

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We review the molecular orientation of phthalocyanines as representatives of flat, π‐conjugated molecules on different polycrystalline substrates. Thin films with a thickness of ∼10–50 nm are often highly ordered on several substrates. The molecular orientation, however, can be radically different for single crystalline model substrates and for relatively ill defined polycrystalline substrates. Moreover, it is important to distinguish between the growth of the first organic layer(s) at the substrate surface and the growth in films of a thickness of several nanometers: Differently oriented, buried interfacial layers of few monolayers were observed in particular for polycrystalline substrates. The growth mode is discussed in terms of different molecule–molecule and molecule–substrate interactions. Consequences for our understanding of the behavior of such films in devices are considered in context with electronic interface properties. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and electronic properties of phthalocyanines on polycrystalline substrates

Peisert

Biswas

Knupfer

et al. 2009

Physica Status Solidi (b)

115

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“…17 Photoemission spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate band offsets at semiconductor heterojunctions. Photoemission has successfully been used in the recent past to investigate electronic properties at the interfaces between organic/inorganic [18][19][20][21] and inorganic/inorganic 17,[22][23][24][25] systems with high precision. The information obtained from core level binding energy shifts and valence band photoemission spectra can be used to investigate any possible bandbending effects at the interface and also to determine the band energy offset and energy level matching at the interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic properties of the interface between p-CuI and anatase-phase n-TiO2 single crystal and nanoparticulate surfaces: A photoemission study

Kumarasinghe

Flavell

Thomas

et al. 2007

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We present a study of the growth of the p-type inorganic semiconductor CuI on n-type TiO2 anatase single crystal (101) surfaces and on nanoparticulate anatase surfaces using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. Core level photoemission data obtained using synchrotron radiation reveal that both the substrate (TiO2) and the overlayer (CuI) core levels shift to a lower binding energy to different degrees following the growth of CuI on TiO2. Valence band photoemission data show that the valence band maximum of the clean substrate differs from that of the dosed surface which may be interpreted qualitatively as due to the introduction of a new density of states within the band gap of TiO2 as a result of the growth of CuI. The valence band offset for the heterojunction n-TiO2p-CuI has been measured using photoemission for both nanoparticulate and single crystal TiO2 surfaces, and the band energy alignment for these heterojunction interfaces is presented. With the information obtained here, it is suggested that the interface between p-CuI and single crystal anatase-phase n-TiO2 is a type-II heterojunction interface, with significant band bending. The measured total band bending matches the work function change at the interface, i.e., there is no interface dipole. In the case of the nanoparticulate interface, an interface dipole is found, but band bending within the anatase nanoparticles remains quite significant. We show that the corresponding depletion layer may be accommodated within the dimension of the nanoparticles. The results are discussed in the context of the functional properties of dye-sensitized solid state solar cells.

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“…The interaction strength at the substrate surface depends not only on the material but also on the local roughness of the substrate at the adsorption site. In former works it was shown, that TMPcs are preferred lying in the first layers on well‐defined substrates like single crystals, but prefer a standing orientation on weakly interacting and rough substrates like ITO or oxidized silicon …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Channels Between Perfluorinated Iron Phthalocyanine and Cu(111)

Belser

Karstens

Nagel

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The initial growth and interfacial electronic structure of perfluorinated iron phthalocyanine (FePcF 16 ) on Cu(111) has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and polarization dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The planar molecules are oriented preferred flat lying on the substrate surface during the growth of the first layers while the tilt angle is increased in thicker films. A clear interaction at the interface is observed, involving both the central metal ion and the macrocycle. At monolayer coverages, the Fe2p spectrum shows an interface signal at 707.1 eV, while the C-N component of the C1s spectrum is distinctly shifted with respect to the thicker films. In addition, the nitrogen atom is involved in the complex interaction (including charge transfer), best visible in the change of the shape in the π Ã resonance of N K edge spectra recorded from molecules at the interface.

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Synchrotron radiation studies of inorganic–organic semiconductor interfaces

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Orientation and electronic properties of phthalocyanines on polycrystalline substrates

Orientation and electronic properties of phthalocyanines on polycrystalline substrates

Electronic properties of the interface between p-CuI and anatase-phase n-TiO2 single crystal and nanoparticulate surfaces: A photoemission study

Interaction Channels Between Perfluorinated Iron Phthalocyanine and Cu(111)

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