Synchrotron-based ultrafast x-ray diffraction at high repetition rates

Navirian, Hengameh Allaf; Shayduk, Roman; Leitenberger, W.; Goldshteyn, J.; Gaal, P.; Bargheer, Matias

doi:10.1063/1.4727872

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The penetration depth of 32 nm for our excitation pulses at λ = 1030 nm wavelength was determined by ellipsometry studies, showing that mainly the upper Y layer is excited. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements were performed at the XPP experimental station at the storage ring BESSY II [27]. Reciprocal space mapping (RSM) is performed by recording the x-ray photons diffracted from the sample at various incidence angles ω around the Bragg reflections with a two-dimensional hybrid pixel detector (Pilatus 100k, Dectris Inc.) [28].…”

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Ultrafast x-ray diffraction thermometry measures the influence of spin excitations on the heat transport through nanolayers

et al. 2017

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We investigate the heat transport through a rare earth multilayer system composed of Yttrium (Y), Dysprosium (Dy) and Niobium (Nb) by ultrafast X-ray diffraction. This is an example of a complex heat flow problem on the nanoscale, where several different quasi-particles carry the heat. The Bragg peak positions of each layer represent layer-specific thermometers that measure the energy flow through the sample after excitation of the Y top-layer with fs-laser pulses. In an experiment-based analytic solution to the nonequilibrium heat transport problem, we derive the individual contributions of the spins and the coupled electron-lattice system to the heat conduction. The full characterization of the spatiotemporal energy flow at different starting temperatures reveals that the spin excitations of antiferromagnetic Dy speed up the heat transport into the Dy layer at low temperatures, whereas the heat transport through this layer and further into the Y and Nb layers underneath is slowed down. The experimental findings are compared to the solution of the heat equation using macroscopic temperature-dependent material parameters without separation of spin-and phonon contributions to the heat. We explain, why the simulated energy density matches our experiment-based derivation of the heat transport, although the simulated thermoelastic strain in this simulation is not even in qualitative agreement.Heat transport at the nanoscale has become an important problem of contemporary physics.[1-3] The field is driven largely by the need to improve heat transport characteristics in integrated circuits operating at high clock rates.[4] The design length scales approach the physical limits, where wave fundamental properties of phonon-heat conduction play an important role. [5,6] Research on the functionality of interfaces in nanoelectronics is prevalent, and the heat transport characteristics of interfaces depend strongly e.g. on the roughness of the interface, which is often hard to control in the fabrication process [1,2,7]. In many insulators and semiconductors the heat capacity is dominated by phonons, whereas electrons only contribute significantly at high temperatures. The heat transport in metals in contrast is dominated by the conduction band electrons and the excitation of phonons typically reduces the heat transport, because they act as scatterers for electrons [8]. In some magnetic materials with strong exchange interactions and large magnetic moments the spin-correlations can contribute more than half of the specific heat over large temperature ranges [9][10][11]. One classical example is the rare earth Dysprosium, which we are investigating in this article. Similar to phonon excitations, the magnetic excitations are known to reduce the heat conductivity when it is dominated by the electrons. [12] On the other hand heat conduction by magnons may dominate in antiferromagnets.[13] The transport of heat across interfaces in nanostructures with magnetic and nonmagnetic layers is far beyond what can be safely simulated on an...

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Ultrafast x-ray diffraction thermometry measures the influence of spin excitations on the heat transport through nanolayers

et al. 2017

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“…2. In total, we cover nearly five decades of time scales [18] without changing the experimental setup, i.e. comparing the diffraction curves for all time scales does not require any intensity scaling and all critical parameters such as the excitation fluence are constant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of the setup were described recently. [18] In order to probe a homogeneously excited sample area with 8.9 keV X-rays with a bandwidth of δE/E = 2 × 10 −4 the beam is focused in the dimension perpendicular to the plane of diffraction and collimated in the diffraction plane down to a spot size of 50×50 µm 2 . The symmetrically diffracted photons were collected by a point-detector with a plastic scintillator (< 0.5 ns rise time).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

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Thermoelastic study of nanolayered structures using time-resolved X-ray diffraction at high repetition rate

Navirian

Schick

Gaal

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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We investigate the thermoelastic response of a nanolayered sample composed of a metallic SrRuO3 (SRO) electrode sandwiched between a ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (PZT) film with negative thermal expansion and a SrTiO3 substrate. SRO is rapidly heated by fs-laser pulses with 208 kHz repetition rate. Diffraction of x-ray pulses derived from a synchrotron measures the transient outof-plane lattice constant c of all three materials simultaneously from 120 ps to 5 µs with a relative accuracy up to ∆c/c = 10 −6 . The in-plane propagation of sound is essential for understanding the delayed out of plane expansion.

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“…Usually such experiments are done at large-scale facilities, such as synchrotron storage rings and X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs). [27][28][29] Here we show how to use a conventional continuous radiation X-ray tube to determine the laser-induced transient near-surface temperature.…”

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Nanosecond laser pulse heating of a platinum surface studied by pump-probe X-ray diffraction

Shayduk

Vonk

Arndt

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We report on the quantitative determination of the transient surface temperature of Pt(110) upon nanosecond laser pulse heating. We find excellent agreement between heat transport theory and the experimentally determined transient surface temperature as obtained from time-resolved X-ray diffraction on timescales from hundred nanoseconds to milliseconds. Exact knowledge of the surface temperature's temporal evolution after laser excitation is crucial for future pump-probe experiments at synchrotron storage rings and X-ray free electron lasers.

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Synchrotron-based ultrafast x-ray diffraction at high repetition rates

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Ultrafast x-ray diffraction thermometry measures the influence of spin excitations on the heat transport through nanolayers

Ultrafast x-ray diffraction thermometry measures the influence of spin excitations on the heat transport through nanolayers

Thermoelastic study of nanolayered structures using time-resolved X-ray diffraction at high repetition rate

Nanosecond laser pulse heating of a platinum surface studied by pump-probe X-ray diffraction

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