Nanosecond laser pulse heating of a platinum surface studied by pump-probe X-ray diffraction

Shayduk, Roman; Vonk, Vedran; Arndt, Björn; Franz, Dirk; Strempfer, J.; Francoual, S.; Keller, Thomas F.; Spitzbart, Tobias; Stierle, Andreas

doi:10.1063/1.4959252

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[37] The spatiotemporal strain η(z, t) (Figure 3) is used to calculate the X-ray diffraction pattern by dynamical X-ray diffraction theory. [26,30,38] γ S (mJ cm −3 K −2 ) 0.74 [33] 0.10 [33] 1.06 [33] 0.38 [51] -C ph (J cm −3 K −1 ) 2.85 [52] 3.44 3.94 2.33 [51] 1.80 [53] κ 0 e (W m −1 K −1 ) 66 [54] 396 [33] 81 [33,55] 52 κ ph (W m −1 K −1 ) 5 [54] 5 9.6 [55] 5 1 [53] g (PW m −3 K −1 ) 400 [56] 63 [56] 360 [56] 100 - [53] v s (nm −1 ps) 4.2 [57,58] 5.2 [56,90] 6.3 [61] 4.2 5.7 [53] Γ e 2.4 [62] (0.9) 0.9 [62] (1.1) 2.0 [62] 1.3 [62] -Γ ph 3.0 [62] (2.5) 1.7 [62] (2.1) 1.65 [62] 1.5 [62] 0.3 [53] www.afm-journal.de www.advancedsciencenews.com…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Transport without Heating?—An Ultrafast X‐Ray Perspective into a Metal Heterostructure

Pudell

Mattern

Hehn

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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When the spatial dimensions of metallic heterostructures shrink below the mean free path of its conduction electrons, the transport of electrons and hence the transport of thermal energy by electrons continuously changes from diffusive to ballistic. Electron-phonon coupling sets the mean free path to the nanoscale and the time for equilibration of electron and lattice temperatures to the picosecond range. A particularly intriguing situation occurs in trilayer heterostructures combining metals with very different electronphonon coupling strength: Heat energy deposited in few atomic layers of Pt is transported into a nanometric Ni film, which is heated more than the Cu film through which the heat is released. Femtosecond pump-probe experiments with hard X-ray pulses provide a layer-specific probe of the heat energy. A purely diffusive two-temperature model with increased thermal conductivity of hot electrons excellently reproduces the observed signals from all three layers. At the time when the Ni lattice is maximally heated, no significant heat has entered the Cu lattice. This phenomenon would be enhanced in thinner layers where ballistic transport dominates. In this context it is shown that purely diffusive transport can lead to a linear time-to-length dependence that must not be misinterpreted as ballistic transport.

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Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Transport without Heating?—An Ultrafast X‐Ray Perspective into a Metal Heterostructure

Pudell

Mattern

Hehn

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…On the other hand, laser absorption on the platinum surface is sufficient to cause a strong temperature increase in the space-time expansion of the laser pulse. Between pulses, the surface cools down again within a few microseconds after the pulse 29 , whereby the heat spreads into the bulk and the interfacing layer but does not affect the integrity of the silicone rubber underneath. A certain amount of heat is transferred to the parylene C and conserved there, as the parylene’s thermal diffusivity (D = k/(c) = 0.1 µm 2 /µs) is very small compared to the laser’s spot diameter (30 µm) and its pulse frequency range (10–100 kHz).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic Carbon Electrodes on Flexible Substrate for Neural Applications Entirely Fabricated Using Infrared Nanosecond Laser Technology

Vomero

Oliveira

Ashouri

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Neural interfaces for neuroscientific research are nowadays mainly manufactured using standard microsystems engineering technologies which are incompatible with the integration of carbon as electrode material. In this work, we investigate a new method to fabricate graphitic carbon electrode arrays on flexible substrates. The devices were manufactured using infrared nanosecond laser technology for both patterning all components and carbonizing the electrode sites. Two laser pulse repetition frequencies were used for carbonization with the aim of finding the optimum. Prototypes of the devices were evaluated in vitro in 30 mM hydrogen peroxide to mimic the post-surgery oxidative environment. The electrodes were subjected to 10 million biphasic pulses (39.5 μC/cm2) to measure their stability under electrical stress. Their biosensing capabilities were evaluated in different concentrations of dopamine in phosphate buffered saline solution. Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis show that the atomic percentage of graphitic carbon in the manufactured electrodes reaches the remarkable value of 75%. Results prove that the infrared nanosecond laser yields activated graphite electrodes that are conductive, non-cytotoxic and electrochemically inert. Their comprehensive assessment indicates that our laser-induced carbon electrodes are suitable for future transfer into in vivo studies, including neural recordings, stimulation and neurotransmitters detection.

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“…Pulsed X-ray scattering (and electron scattering) has shown to be a useful approach to determine thermal conductivity in layered structures [24,26,27,35,36]. In principle, TDXTS applies the same principles as TDTR above to determine the temperature of the top transducer via the thermal expansion coefficient of the material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar way, cooling of nanostructures can be sensed after pulsed heating to evaluate thermal transport in bulk-like conditions [21,22,23]. While optical methods are readily available in laboratories, we describe the same concept of pulsed laser heating, but probing the temperature by X-ray scattering, which adds better access to nanoscale structure [24,25,26,27]. X-ray scattering can address temperature (change) by lattice parameter (expansion), at the same time giving access to phonon modes [11,28,29] or sub-surface resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Thermal Characterisation of Nanofilms by Time-Resolved X-ray Scattering

et al. 2019

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High time resolution in scattering analysis of thin films allows for determination of thermal conductivity by transient pump-probe detection of dissipation of laser-induced heating, TDXTS. We describe an approach that analyses the picosecond-resolved lattice parameter reaction of a gold transducer layer on pulsed laser heating to determine the thermal conductivity of layered structures below the transducer. A detailed modeling of the cooling kinetics by a Laplace-domain approach allows for discerning effects of conductivity and thermal interface resistance as well as basic depth information. The thermal expansion of the clamped gold film can be calibrated to absolute temperature change and effects of plastic deformation are discriminated. The method is demonstrated on two extreme examples of phononic barriers, isotopically modulated silicon multilayers with very small acoustic impedance mismatch and silicon-molybdenum multilayers, which show a high resistivity.

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Nanosecond laser pulse heating of a platinum surface studied by pump-probe X-ray diffraction

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Heat Transport without Heating?—An Ultrafast X‐Ray Perspective into a Metal Heterostructure

Heat Transport without Heating?—An Ultrafast X‐Ray Perspective into a Metal Heterostructure

Graphitic Carbon Electrodes on Flexible Substrate for Neural Applications Entirely Fabricated Using Infrared Nanosecond Laser Technology

Structural and Thermal Characterisation of Nanofilms by Time-Resolved X-ray Scattering

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