Synchronous activation of ERK 1/2, p38mapk and PKB/Akt signaling by H2O2 in vascular smooth muscle cells: Potential involvement in vascular disease (Review)

Blanc, Antoine; Pandey, Nihar R.; Srivastava, Ashok K.

doi:10.3892/ijmm.11.2.229

Cited by 81 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…Oxidative stress also has a diverse effect on the MAPK cascade [17,172,174]. Changes in the cellular redox status may result in the activation of pro-apoptotic signalling proteins such as JNK [46,129,141,145,148], which may initiate apoptotic mechanisms within cells [96] (Fig.…”

Section: Map Kinase Signalling Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

The interactions of flavonoids within neuronal signalling pathways

2007

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Emerging evidence suggests that dietary phytochemicals, in particular flavonoids, may exert beneficial effects in the central nervous system by protecting neurons against stress-induced injury, by suppressing neuroinflammation and by promoting neurocognitive performance, through changes in synaptic plasticity. It is likely that flavonoids exert such effects in neurons, through selective actions on different components within a number of protein kinase and lipid kinase signalling cascades, such as phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinase. This review details the potential inhibitory or stimulatory actions of flavonoids within these pathways, and describes how such interactions are likely to affect cellular function through changes in the activation state of target molecules and/or by modulating gene expression. Although, precise sites of action are presently unknown, their abilities to: (1) bind to ATP binding sites on enzymes and receptors; (2) modulate the activity of kinases directly; (3) affect the function of important phosphatases; (4) preserve neuronal Ca 2+ homeostasis; and (5) modulate signalling cascades lying downstream of kinases, are explored. Future research directions are outlined in relation to their precise site(s) of action within the signalling pathways and the sequence of events that allow them to regulate neuronal function in the central nervous system.

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Section: Map Kinase Signalling Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

The interactions of flavonoids within neuronal signalling pathways

2007

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“…Previous studies have shown that ERKs are activated in response to growth factors, oxidative stress, increases in intracellular calcium levels, and/or glutamate receptor stimulation. 1,8,25,89 After stimulation, ERK induces cellular proliferation and transformation. 25,89,110,134 Takagi and colleagues 124 have suggested that the activation of the ERK pathway depends on the chronic increase in blood flow within the vasculature.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Part 1: cellular and molecular biology

Moftakhar

Hauptman

Malkasian

et al. 2009

FOC

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Object The scientific understanding of the nature of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the brain is evolving. It is clear from current work that AVMs can undergo a variety of phenomena, including growth, remodeling, and/or regression—and the responsible processes are both molecular and physiological. A review of these complex processes is critical to directing future therapeutic approaches. The authors performed a comprehensive review of the literature to evaluate current information regarding the genetics, pathophysiology, and behavior of AVMs. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed to reveal the molecular biology of AVMs as it relates to their complex growth and behavior patterns. Results Growth factors involved in AVMs include vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor β, angiopoietins, fibronectin, laminin, integrin, and matrix metalloproteinases. Conclusions Understanding the complicated molecular milieu of developing AVMs is essential for defining their natural history. Growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and other molecular markers will be the key to unlocking novel targeted drug treatments for these brain malformations.

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“…VSMCs are differentiated from embryonic mesenchyme, and possess the functions of contraction, and synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix. The structure and function of VSMCs may change significantly at different developmental stages and under different physiological or pathological states (11)(12)(13)(14). Recent studies have found that various growth factors, vasoactive substances, and cytokines released from damaged endothelial vessel wall can activate VSMC surface receptors and signal transduction, which result in VSMC cell proliferation and invasion (15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen- and glucose-deprived culture promotes cell proliferation and invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells

Liang

2011

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is an important reason for the formation and development of many vascular remodeling diseases. In pathological conditions, necrosis of VSMCs may result in the release of inflammatory cytokines, which can lead to stimulation of other normal smooth muscle cells, and promote the proliferation of VSMCs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oxygen-and glucose-deprived (OGD) conditioned medium on VSMC cell proliferation and invasion. Following culture of VSMCs in OGD-conditioned medium, the cell cycle distributions were remarkably altered. The number of cells in the G0/G1 phase decreased, while the number of cells in G2/M and S phase increased. The expression of cell cycle proteins D1 (Cyclin D1) in VSMCs increased correspondingly. These results suggested that after being cultured in OGD medium, VSMCs can pass through the G0/G1 phase by up-regulation of Cyclin D1 expression, and promote cell proliferation. In addition, we found that the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 was increased in OGD medium cultured VSMCs. Using a Transwell invasion assay, we showed that the OGD medium enhanced VSMC cell invasion. These results suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 degraded the basement membrane and promoted VSMC invasion. Taken together, our data demonstrate that OGD-conditioned medium can promote VSMC proliferation and invasion by up-regulating Cyclin D1 and MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, which may contribute to the formation and development of vascular remodeling diseases. IntroductionVascular remodeling diseases are characterized by vascular wall thickening and luminal stenosis due to endothelial injury, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and matrix deposition. Excessive proliferation of VSMCs is an important contributor of the formation and development of many vascular remodeling diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis after angioplasty (1-3). Extracellular proliferation and stimulation delivered signal to the nucleus through transmembrane conductance, initiates proliferation related genes, and results in excessive proliferation of VSMCs (4-7). In vascular remodeling diseases especially restenosis after angioplasty, VSMC damage, apoptosis, and necrosis are common pathological processes due to ischemia and hypoxia and their mechanical angioplasty injury (8). In pathological conditions, necrosis of the VSMCs may release inflammatory cytokines that can lead to stimulation of other normal smooth muscle cells, thus promoting the proliferation of VSMC. Cell count, the percentage rate of the cell cycle and cell cycle proteins D1 (Cyclin D1) are important indicators of VSMCs proliferation.Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes, which can degrade most extracellular matrix components and other substrates (9). MMPs play an important role in cell invasion and metastasis by degrading extracellular matrix, such as collagen type I, laminin, fibronectin and other components. Specif...

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Synchronous activation of ERK 1/2, p38mapk and PKB/Akt signaling by H2O2 in vascular smooth muscle cells: Potential involvement in vascular disease (Review)

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

The interactions of flavonoids within neuronal signalling pathways

The interactions of flavonoids within neuronal signalling pathways

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Part 1: cellular and molecular biology

Oxygen- and glucose-deprived culture promotes cell proliferation and invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells

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