Synchronization challenges in packet-based Cloud-RAN fronthaul for mobile networks

Checko, Aleksandra; Juul, Anders; Christiansen, Henrik Lehrmann; Berger, Michael

doi:10.1109/iccw.2015.7247590

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…On the flip side, Ethernet-based FH requires packetized communication, which imposes challenges in delivering synchronization, and meeting desired latency and jitter requirements. Accurate phase and frequency synchronization can be attained by means of the Precision Time Protocol or via a masterslave mechanism [28]. Furthermore, delay and jitter can potentially be reduced by using low-latency switches and applying management of path set-up.…”

Section: B Functional Split In Cloud-ranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable and Low-Latency Fronthaul for Tactile Internet Applications

Mountaser

Mahmoodi

Simeone

2018

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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With the emergence of Cloud-RAN as one of the dominant architectural solutions for next-generation mobile networks, the reliability and latency on the fronthaul (FH) segment become critical performance metrics for applications such as the Tactile Internet. Ensuring FH performance is further complicated by the switch from point-to-point dedicated FH links to packet-based multi-hop FH networks. This change is largely justified by the fact that packet-based fronthauling allows the deployment of FH networks on the existing Ethernet infrastructure. This paper proposes to improve reliability and latency of packet-based fronthauling by means of multi-path diversity and erasure coding of the MAC frames transported by the FH network. Under a probabilistic model that assumes a single service, the average latency required to obtain reliable FH transport and the reliability-latency tradeoff are first investigated. The analytical results are then validated and complemented by a numerical study that accounts for the coexistence of enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency (URLLC) services in 5G networks by comparing orthogonal and non-orthogonal sharing of FH resources.

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Section: B Functional Split In Cloud-ranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable and Low-Latency Fronthaul for Tactile Internet Applications

Mountaser

Mahmoodi

Simeone

2018

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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“…This split has been known for several years and the literature in this area is very comprehensive. Therefore, several directions within using this split is investigated focusing on the CPRI transport interface: both the traditional CPRI transport, the option of transporting CPRI over the Ethernet network and the option of compressing [4], [5], [12], [19], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52] Simulations: [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64] Practical experiments: [65], [66],…”

Section: B Option 8: Rf/phymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of the Functional Splits Proposed for 5G Mobile Crosshaul Networks

Larsen

Checko²,

Christiansen

2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

Self Cite

330

211

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Pacing the way towards 5G has lead researchers and industry in the direction of centralized processing known from Cloud-Radio Access Networks (C-RAN). In C-RAN research, a variety of different functional splits is presented by different names and focusing on different directions. The functional split determines how many Base Station (BS) functions to leave locally, close to the user, with the benefit of relaxing fronthaul network bitrate and delay requirements, and how many functions to centralize with the possibility of achieving greater processing benefits. This work presents for the first time a comprehensive overview systematizing the different work directions for both research and industry, while providing a detailed description of each functional split option and an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages. This work gives an overview of where the most effort has been directed in terms of functional splits, and where there is room for further studies. The standardization currently taking place is also considered and mapped into the research directions. It is investigated how the fronthaul network will be affected by the choice of functional split, both in terms of bitrates and latency, and as the different functional splits provide different advantages and disadvantages, the option of flexible functional splits is also looked into.

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“…Synchronization will be crucial in 5G mobile networks since access nodes are able to cooperate with each other. For example, a frequency offset between cooperating nodes will result in signal overlap, beamforming distortion, and degraded performance [70].…”

Section: Fronthaulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realizing 5G vision through Cloud RAN: technologies, challenges, and trends

Pliatsios

Sarigiannidis

Goudos

et al. 2018

J Wireless Com Network

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Achieving the fifth-generation (5G) vision will introduce new technology innovations and substantial changes in delivering cutting-edge applications and services in current mobile and cellular networks. The Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) concept emerged as one of the most compelling architectures to meet the requirements of the 5G vision. In essence, C-RAN provides an advanced mobile network architecture which can leverage challenging features such as network resource slicing, statistical multiplexing, energy efficiency, and high capacity. The realization of C-RAN is achieved by innovative technologies such as the software-defined networking (SDN) and the network function virtualization (NFV). While SDN technology brings the separation of the control and data planes in the playground, supporting thus advanced traffic engineering techniques such as load balancing, the NFV concept offers high flexibility by allowing network resource sharing in a dynamic way. Although SDN and NFV have many advantages, a number of challenges have to be addressed before the commercial deployment of 5G implementation. In addition, C-RAN introduces a new layer in the mobile network, denoted as the fronthaul, which is adopted from the recent research efforts in the fiber-wireless (Fi-Wi) paradigm. As the fronthaul defines a link between a baseband unit (BBU) and a remote radio unit (RRU), various technologies can be used for this purpose such as optical fibers and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radios. In this way, several challenges are highlighted which depend on the technology used. In the light of the aforementioned remarks, this paper compiles a list of challenges and open issues of the emerging technologies that realize the C-RAN concept. Moreover, comparative insights between the current and future state of the C-RAN concept are discussed. Trends and advances of those technologies are also examined towards shedding light on the proliferation of 5G through the C-RAN concept.

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Synchronization challenges in packet-based Cloud-RAN fronthaul for mobile networks

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Reliable and Low-Latency Fronthaul for Tactile Internet Applications

Reliable and Low-Latency Fronthaul for Tactile Internet Applications

A Survey of the Functional Splits Proposed for 5G Mobile Crosshaul Networks

Realizing 5G vision through Cloud RAN: technologies, challenges, and trends

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